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국내의 B형간염 바이러스 주산기 감염 예방조치 실패 소아의 표면항원 유전자 변이율

The Incidence Rate of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Gene Variants in Korean Children with Immunoprophylaxis Failure of Perinatal Infection

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목적: B형간염 바이러스의 주산기 감염은 예방조치에도 불구하고 발생할 수 있는데, 이러한 주산기 예방조치 실패 기전 중에 표면항원 유전자 변이가 중요한 역할로 제시되고 있다. 따라서 주산기 예방조치에 실패한 국내 소아에서 표면항원 유전자 변이율을 알아보았다. 대상과 방법: B형간염 주산기 예방조치에 실패한 31명의 소아를 선정하였다. 표면항원 유전자의 주친수성 부위를 증폭하기 위하여 염기 237부터 706까지를 목표로 하는 시동체를 이용하여 nested PCR을 시행하였고, 염기서열 분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 모든 예에 있어 HBV-DNA 양성이었고 C 유전형이었다. 주산기 예방조치에 실패한 31명 중 9명(29%)에서 표면항원 유전자의 주친수성 부위에서 염기의 대치가 있었으나, 아미노산의 대치가 있었던 경우는 단지 2 예(6.5%)였다. 변이가 있었던 2예 모두는 야생종과의 혼합감염이었고, 각각 I126S와 S114A+I126S 변이를 가지고 있었다. 결론: 외국의 이전 연구와 비교할 때 국내에서는 G145R과 같은 표면항원 유전자 변이종이 B형간염 주산기 예방조치 실패 기전에 중요한 역할을 하지 않는 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

Background/Aims: Perinatal infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) may occur despite immunoprophylaxis. One of the important mechanisms for perinatal prophylaxis failure, might include HBV surface gene variants. Therefore, we screened Korean children, in whom perinatal prophylaxis failed, for HBV surface gene variants. Methods: Thirty-one children with perinatal HBV prophylaxis failure were selected. To amplify the major hydrophilic region of the HBV surface gene, nested PCR with primers targeted to nucleotides 237 to 706 was performed, and then sequencing was done. Results: All cases were shown to be PCR positive for HBV-DNA and genotype C. Nine out of 31 (29%) with perinatal prophylaxis failure had a nucleotide substitution at the major hydrophilic region of the gene; but only two cases (6.5%) had an amino acid substitution. One case was infected by wild type and variants of I126S, and the other by wild type and S114A+I126S, respectively. Conclusions: In Korea, compared to the previous studies of other nations, gene surface variants such as G145R do not appear to play an important role in perinatal immunoprophylaxis failure.

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