Comprehensive approach to controlling chronic hepatitis B in China
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was highly endemic in China, where the prevalence of HBsAg was 9.7% in 1992. Comprehensive strategies, including universal infant hepatitis B vaccination with emphasis on timely birth-dose and 3-dose coverage, dramatically reduced the mother-to-infant transmission and early childhood acquisition of HBV, resulting in estimated HBsAg prevalence rates of 5.6% and 0.1% in the general population and among children aged <5 years in 2022, respectively. Clinical guidelines on the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B have been periodically updated based on emerging evidence from clinical research. The continuously improved reimbursement policy and the massively reduced price of antiviral drugs through government negotiation and central procurement have increased treatment accessibility and affordability. However, due to the low rates of diagnosis and treatment, China still faces a large challenge in achieving the 2030 goal of lowering HBV-related mortality by 65%. A public health approach involving concerted efforts from the government, medical community, industry, and society as a whole would be necessary to increase the uptake of HBV tests and treatment to achieve the global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was highly endemic in China, where the prevalence of HBsAg was 9.7% in 1992. Comprehensive strategies, including universal infant hepatitis B vaccination with emphasis on timely birth-dose and 3-dose coverage, dramatically reduced the mother-to-infant transmission and early childhood acquisition of HBV, resulting in estimated HBsAg prevalence rates of 5.6% and 0.1% in the general population and among children aged <5 years in 2022, respectively. Clinical guidelines on the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B have been periodically updated based on emerging evidence from clinical research. The continuously improved reimbursement policy and the massively reduced price of antiviral drugs through government negotiation and central procurement have increased treatment accessibility and affordability. However, due to the low rates of diagnosis and treatment, China still faces a large challenge in achieving the 2030 goal of lowering HBV-related mortality by 65%. A public health approach involving concerted efforts from the government, medical community, industry, and society as a whole would be necessary to increase the uptake of HBV tests and treatment to achieve the global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.
참고문헌 (59)
- Iannacone M, "Immunobiology and pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection", Nat Rev Immunol, 22, pp.19~32 (2022)
- McMahon BJ, "Natural history of chronic hepatitis B", Clin Liver Dis, 14, pp.381~396 (2010)
- "Global progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2021"[URL]
- Chen S, "The hepatitis B epidemic in China should receive more attention", Lancet, 391, pp.1572~ (2018)
- Polaris Observatory Collaborators, "Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016 : a modelling study", Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 3, pp.383~403 (2018)
- Cui F, "Prevention of chronic hepatitis B after 3 decades of escalating vaccination policy, China", Emerg Infect Dis, 23, pp.765~772 (2017)
- Kane MA, "The inception, achievements, and implications of the China GAVI Alliance Project on Hepatitis B Immunization", Vaccine, 31(Suppl 9), pp.J15~J20 (2013)
- Liang X, "Epidemiological serosurvey of hepatitis B in China--declining HBV prevalence due to hepatitis B vaccination", Vaccine, 27, pp.6550~6557 (2009)
- Hutin Y, "Improving hepatitis B vaccine timely birth dose coverage: lessons from five demonstration projects in China, 2005-2009", Vaccine, 31(Suppl 9), pp.J49~J55 (2013)
- Chen S, "Combating hepatitis B and C by 2030 : achievements, gaps, and options for actions in China", BMJ Glob Health, 5, pp.e002306~ (2020)
- Polaris Observatory Collaborators, "Global prevalence, cascade of care, and prophylaxis coverage of hepatitis B in 2022 : a modelling study", Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 8, pp.879~907 (2023)
- Cui F, "Considerations of antiviral treatment to interrupt mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in China", Int J Epidemiol, 47, pp.1529~1537 (2018)
- Liu Z, "Management algorithm for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus(2022)", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 10, pp.1004~1010 (2022)
- Shan S, "Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in the Western Pacific Region", Clin Liver Dis(Hoboken), 18, pp.18~21 (2021)
- Wang AL, "Integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission for human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus in China", Bull World Health Organ, 93, pp.52~56 (2015)
- Pan CQ, "Tenofovir to prevent hepatitis B transmission in mothers with high viral load", N Engl J Med, 374, pp.2324~2334 (2016)
- Yin X, "A realworld prospective study of mother-to-child transmission of HBV in China using a mobile health application(Shield 01)", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 8, pp.1~8 (2020)
- Tanaka M, "Hepatitis B and C virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in China : a review of epidemiology and control measures", J Epidemiol, 21, pp.401~416 (2011)
- Hamilton EM, "Correlates of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the general adult population of China : Systematic review and meta-analysis", J Viral Hepat, 30, pp.470~488 (2023)
- Wu Z, "Evaluation of immunization injection safety in China, 2010: achievements, future sustainability", Vaccine, 31(Suppl 9), pp.J43~J48 (2013)
- Shan S, "How to control highly endemic hepatitis B in Asia", Liver Int, 38(Suppl 1), pp.122~125 (2018)
- Bao Y, "Prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV infection and sociodemographic characteristics of people who inject drugs in China : A systematic review and meta-analysis", Int J Drug Policy, 70, pp.87~93 (2019)
- Liu J, "Countdown to 2030 : eliminating hepatitis B disease, China", Bull World Health Organ, 97, pp.230~238 (2019)
- Xiao J, "Global liver disease burdens and research trends : Analysis from a Chinese perspective", J Hepatol, 71, pp.212~221 (2019)
- Zeng N, "Systematic review on the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in patients with hepatitis B or C in China", Int J Infect Dis, 67, pp.58~64 (2018)
- Sun Y, "New classification of liver biopsy assessment for fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients before and after treatment", Hepatology, 65, pp.1438~1450 (2017)
- Kong Y, "Early steep decline of liver stiffness predicts histological reversal of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with entecavir", J Viral Hepat, 26, pp.576~585 (2019)
- Wu S, "On-treatment changes of liver stiffness at week 26 could predict 2-year clinical outcomes in HBV-related compensated cirrhosis", Liver Int, 38, pp.1045~1054 (2018)
- Wu X, "Prediction of liver-related events in patients with compensated HBV-induced cirrhosis receiving antiviral therapy", Hepatol Int, 15, pp.82~92 (2021)
- Zhang W, "Effective viral suppression is necessary to reduce hepatocellular carcinoma development in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B: Results of a 10-year follow up", Medicine(Baltimore), 96, pp.e8454~ (2017)
- Wang Q, "Validation of Baveno VII criteria for recompensation in entecavirtreated patients with hepatitis B-related decompensated cirrhosis", J Hepatol, 77, pp.1564~1572 (2022)
- Wu X, "Health-related quality of life improves after entecavir treatment in patients with compensated HBV cirrhosis", Hepatol Int, 15, pp.1318~1327 (2021)
- You H, "Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B(version 2022)", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 11, pp.1425~1442 (2023)
- Wang Y, "Control of chronic hepatitis B in China : Perspective of diagnosis and treatment", China CDC Wkly, 2, pp.596~600 (2020)
- Hu C, "Effect of pegylated interferon plus tenofovir combination on higher hepatitis B surface antigen loss in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis B e Antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B : A real-world experience", Clin Ther, 43, pp.572~581 (2021)
- Hu P, "HBsAg Loss with Peg-interferon Alfa-2a in Hepatitis B Patients with Partial Response to Nucleos(t)ide Analog : New Switch Study", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 6, pp.25~34 (2018)
- Chu JH, "Realworld study on HBsAg loss of combination therapy in HBeAgnegative chronic hepatitis B patients", J Viral Hepat, 29, pp.765~776 (2022)
- Li M, "Early serum HBsAg kinetics as predictor of HBsAg loss in patients with HBeAg-Negative chronic hepatitis B after treatment with pegylated interferonα-2a", Virol Sin, 36, pp.311~320 (2021)
- Jia J, "Real-world evidence for nucleoside", nucleotide analogues in a 5-year multicentre study of antiviral-naive chronic hepatitis B patients in China : 52-week results, 2018, pp.23, 201~209
- Hou JL, "Outcomes of long-term treatment of chronic HBV infection with entecavir or other agents from a randomized trial in 24countries", Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 18, pp.457~467 (2020)
- Qiu Q, "Impact of partial reimbursement on hepatitis B antiviral utilization and adherence", World J Gastroenterol, 21, pp.9588~9597 (2015)
- Li M, "Changing clinical care cascade of patients with chronic hepatitis B in Beijing, China", Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 16, pp.100249~ (2021)
- [URL]
- Zhao X, "Impact of national centralized drug procurement policy on antiviral utilization and expenditure for hepatitis B in China", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 10, pp.420~428 (2022)
- Shan S, "Baseline characteristics and treatment patterns of the patients recruited to the China registry of hepatitis B", J Clin Transl Hepatol, 7, pp.322~328 (2019)
- Li M, "Impact of reimbursement program on liver-related mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Beijing, China", J Dig Dis, 20, pp.467~475 (2019)
- Cao G, "Trends in mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in China from 1990 to 2019 : findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study", Chin Med J(Engl), 135, pp.2049~2055 (2022)
- Alberts CJ, "Worldwide prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among patients with cirrhosis at country, region, and global levels : a systematic review", Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, pp.724~735 (2022)
- GBD 2019 Hepatitis B Collaborators, "Global, regional, and national burden of hepatitis B, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019", Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, pp.796~829 (2022)
- Ling S, "Liver transplantation in patients with liver failure : Twenty years of experience from China", Liver Int, 42, pp.2110~2116 (2022)
- Yue T, "Trends in the disease burden of HBV and HCV infection in China from 1990-2019", Int J Infect Dis, 122, pp.476~485 (2022)
- Cao G, "Countdown on hepatitis B elimination by 2030 : the global burden of liver disease related to hepatitis B and association with socioeconomic status", Hepatol Int, 16, pp.1282~1296 (2022)
- Liu Z, "Changing prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in China between 1973 and 2021 : a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of 3740 studies and 231 million people", Gut, 72, pp.2354~2363 (2023)
- Liu J, "Hepatitis B virus infection among 90 million pregnant women in 2853 Chinese counties, 2015-2020 : a national observational study", Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 16, pp.100267~ (2021)
- Zhu X, "National EPI vaccination and hepatitis B vaccine coverage rate and the related factors : results from the 1999 nationwide survey", Chinese J Vacc Immun, 6, pp.193~197 (2000)
- Nayagam S, "Investment case for a comprehensive package of interventions against hepatitis B in China : Applied modeling to help national strategy planning", Clin Infect Dis, 72, pp.743~752 (2021)
- Toy M, "Costs and health impact of delayed implementation of a national hepatitis B treatment program in China", J Glob Health, 12, pp.04043~ (2022)
- Su S, "Costeffectiveness of universal screening for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in China : an economic evaluation", Lancet Glob Health, 10, pp.e278~e287 (2022)
- Zhang S, "Cost-effectiveness of expanded antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in China : an economic evaluation", Lancet Reg Health West Pac, 35, pp.100738~ (2023)
