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Effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting on obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension management: consensus statement of the Korean Society for the Study of obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension

김현진|고승현|전숙|강지현|김경곤|김은미|김현정|송기호|김광일|최종한|Cho Yoon Jeong|남가은
대한고혈압학회 (The Korean Society of Hypertension)|2022.01|Clinical Hypertension|제28권 |pp. 26-26|DOI 10.1186/s40885-022-00207-4

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HypertensionObesityDietDiabetes mellitusCarbohydrate

초록

Background: Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. Methods: A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and ten articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Results: Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Conclusion: Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.

Abstract

Background: Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. Methods: A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and ten articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Results: Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Conclusion: Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.

참고문헌 (98)

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