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Arterial stiffness and hypertension

Kim Hack-Lyoung
대한고혈압학회 (The Korean Society of Hypertension)|2023.01|Clinical Hypertension|제29권 |pp. 31-31|DOI 10.1186/s40885-023-00258-1

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참고문헌

키워드

HypertensionCardiovascular riskTarget organ damageArterial stifnessArterial damage

초록

Arterial stifness and hypertension are closely related in pathophysiology. Chronic high blood pressure (BP) can lead to arterial wall damage by mechanical stress, endothelial dysfunction, increased infammation, oxidative stress, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activation. Hypertension also increases collagen fber production and accelerates elastin fber degradation. Stifened arteries struggle with BP changes, raising systolic BP and pulse pressure. The resulting increased systolic pressure further hardens arteries, creating a harmful cycle of infammation and calcifcation. Arterial stifness data can predict target organ damage and future cardiovascular events in hyper‑ tensive patients. Thus, early detection of arterial stifness aids in initiating preventive measures and treatment plans to protect against progression of vascular damage. While various methods exist for measuring arterial stifness, pulse wave velocity is a non-invasive, simple measurement method that maximizes efectiveness. Healthy lifestyle changes, RAAS blockers, and statins are known to reduce arterial stifness. Further research is needed to ascertain if improving arterial stifness will enhance prognosis in hypertensive patients.

Abstract

Arterial stifness and hypertension are closely related in pathophysiology. Chronic high blood pressure (BP) can lead to arterial wall damage by mechanical stress, endothelial dysfunction, increased infammation, oxidative stress, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activation. Hypertension also increases collagen fber production and accelerates elastin fber degradation. Stifened arteries struggle with BP changes, raising systolic BP and pulse pressure. The resulting increased systolic pressure further hardens arteries, creating a harmful cycle of infammation and calcifcation. Arterial stifness data can predict target organ damage and future cardiovascular events in hyper‑ tensive patients. Thus, early detection of arterial stifness aids in initiating preventive measures and treatment plans to protect against progression of vascular damage. While various methods exist for measuring arterial stifness, pulse wave velocity is a non-invasive, simple measurement method that maximizes efectiveness. Healthy lifestyle changes, RAAS blockers, and statins are known to reduce arterial stifness. Further research is needed to ascertain if improving arterial stifness will enhance prognosis in hypertensive patients.

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