성별, 연령, 감성차원이 얼굴매력에 미치는 영향
Effects of Gender, Age and Affective Dimensions on Facial Attractiveness
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초록
본 연구는 성별과 연령, 감성차원(날카롭다/부드럽다, 앳되다/성숙하다)에 따라 얼굴매력에 대한 평가가 달라지는지알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 각 참가자들에게 60개의 여성 얼굴 사진에 대하여 9점 척도로 이루어진 세 차원(‘날카롭다/부드럽다’, ‘앳되다/성숙하다’, ‘전혀 매력적이지 않다/매력적이다’)에 평정하도록 제시하였고, 총 131명이 참가하였다(초등학생: 48명, 중학생: 44명, 대학생: 39명; 남자: 60명, 여자: 71명). 연구 결과를 알아보기 위하여 다층분석을실시하였다. 성별과 세 연령집단 모두 얼굴이 앳될수록, 부드러울수록 매력적으로 평가하였다. 한편 성별과 연령에따른 매력 정도의 차이가 있었다. 대학생이 초등학생과 중학생보다 매력을 더 높게 평가하였고 남자보다 여자가 동일한 사진을 더 매력적으로 평가하였다. 또한 대학생과 초등학생 간의 ‘날카롭다/부드럽다’ 차원의 평가가 유의미하게 달랐으며, 이는 대학생보다 초등학생에게 ‘날카롭다/부드럽다’ 차원이 얼굴매력 평정에 더 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로해석된다. 본 연구 결과는 얼굴이 앳될수록, 부드러울수록 얼굴을 매력적이라고 판단하지만, 감성차원이 매력에 미치는효과가 성별과 연령에 따라 차이가 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find whether the perception of facial attractiveness is influenced by gender, ageand kinds of affective dimensions(sharp/soft, babyish/mature). In the study the participants (48 elementary schoolstudents, 44 middle school students, 39 university students comprised of 60 males and 71 females) were shownthe photos of sixty female faces and asked to grade each face on a nine point scale in three different dimensions(sharp/soft, babyish/mature, attractive/unattractive). Results using Multi-level analysis, faces that were babyish andsoft were perceived as more attractive regardless of gender and age. But differences were found in the strengthof facial attractiveness by gender and age. Two groups (elementary school students and middle school students)perceived the same photos of female faces to be less attractive than the university students. Also, male participantsperceived the faces to be less attractive than female participants. Moreover the study showed a significant differencebetween university students and elementary school students in relation to the sharp/soft dimension and thisdimension was more influential on elementary school students than university students. These results further suggestthat if a face looks babyish and soft, then the face will be perceived as attractive regardless of gender or age. However, the degree of facial attractiveness perceived depends on the participant's gender and age.
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