본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

분노유발에 따른 특성불안자의 자율신경계 반응 특성

Characteristics of Autonomic Nervous System Responses Induced by Anger in Individuals with High Trait Anxiety

장은혜|손진훈|음영지
한국감성과학회 (The Korean Society For Emotion & Sensibility)|2017.09|감성과학 (Science of Emotion & Sensibility)|제20권 제3호|pp. 169-180|DOI https://doi.org/10.14695/KJSOS.2017.20.3.

0

조회

0

다운로드

4

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

분노Anger특성불안Trait Anxiety자율신경계 반응분노유발Anger-InductionAutonomic Nervous System Responses
주제분류감성과학

초록

특성불안이 높은 자들은 분노 표현을 억제하려하기 때문에 주관적인 행동평가로는 특성불안자의 분노 경험을 측정하는데 한계가 있다. 보다 객관적으로 특성불안자의 분노 경험을 측정하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 분노에 의해 유발된 자율신경계 반응이 특성불안 수준에 따라 차이가 있는지를 확인하고자 한다. 실험참가자들을 불안집단과 통제집단으로 구분하였으며, 분노자극을 제시하기 전과 후에 심전도(ECG), 호흡(RESP), 피부전기활동(EDA), 그리고 피부온도(SKT)를 측정하였다. ECG에서 심박률(HR), NN 간격의 표준편차(SDNN), 심박주기 제곱의 평균제곱근(RMSSD), 심박변이도의 저주파성분(LF), 심박변이도의 고주파성분(HF), 저주파성분과 고주파성분의 비율(LF/HF ratio), RESP에서 호흡주기(RR)를, EDA에서 피부전도수준(SCL)을, SKT에서 최대피부온도(maxSKT)를 산출하였다. 두 집단 간 분노자극에서 유발된 분노정서 강도의 차이를 검증한 결과, 집단 간 차이는 유의하였다. 자율신경계 반응 차이를 확인한 결과, 불안집단에서 유의미한 SDNN와 LF의 증가, HF, LF/HF ratio, 그리고 RR의 감소가 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 특성불안이 높은 이들의 분노 경험을 측정하는데 자율신경계 반응이 객관적인 지표로 활용이 가능함을 시사한다.

Abstract

Individuals with high trait anxiety try to suppress their anger expression, thus there are limits in measuring their anger using subjective behavioral evaluation. In order to overcome this limitation, this study attempted to identify the difference in the autonomic nervous system responses induced by anger in individuals with high trait anxiety. Participants were divided into two groups, anxiety and control groups. Electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration (RESP), electrodermal activity (EDA), and skin temperature (SKT) were measured while participants were presented with an anger-inducing stimulus. Heart rate (HR), standard deviation of NN interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), LF/HF ratio, respiration rate (RR), skin conductance level (SCL), and maximum skin temperature (maxSKT) were calculated before and after presenting the stimulus. Anxiety group reported greater anger by the anger-inducing stimulus compared to the control group. Anxiety group also showed significant increase in SDNN and LF, and decrease in HF, LF/HF ratio, and RR. These results suggest that the autonomic nervous system responses may be used as objective indicators of anger experiences in individuals with high trait anxiety.

참고문헌 (51)

  1. Idan M. Aderka, "Functional impairment in social anxiety disorder", Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), pp.393~400 (2012), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  2. Thomas Armstrong, "Eye tracking of attention in the affective disorders: A meta-analytic review and synthesis", Clinical Psychology Review, 32(8), pp.704~723 (2012), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  3. ALBERT F. AX, "The Physiological Differentiation between Fear and Anger in Humans", Psychosomatic Medicine, 15(5), pp.433~442 (1953), Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)[DOI]
  4. Barlow, D. H., "Anxiety and its disorders: the nature and treatment of anxiety and panic" (2004), Guilford press
  5. David H. Barlow, "Toward a Unified Treatment for Emotional Disorders – Republished Article", Behavior Therapy, 47(6), pp.838~853 (2016), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  6. Brendan P. Bradley, "Attentional bias for emotional faces in generalized anxiety disorder", British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(3), pp.267~278 (1999), Wiley-Blackwell[DOI]
  7. Monroe A. Bruch, "Social phobia and difficulties in occupational adjustment", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(1), pp.109~117 (2003), American Psychological Association (APA)[DOI]
  8. Camm, A. J., "Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology", Circulation, 93(5), pp.1043~1065 (1996), Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)[DOI]
  9. Chang-Jin Choi, "Reactivity of heart rate variability after exposure to colored lights in healthy adults with symptoms of anxiety and depression", International Journal of Psychophysiology, 79(2), pp.83~88 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  10. Choi, Y. H., "Clinical characteristics and heart rate variability in patients with comorbid panic disorder and major depressive disorder", Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology, 12(1), pp.50~57 (2005)
  11. Josh M. Cisler, "Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: An integrative review", Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), pp.203~216 (2010), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  12. Clay, D. L., "Relationship between anger expression and stress in predicting depression", Journal of Counseling &Development, 72(1), pp.91~94 (1993)[DOI]
  13. Marie J. Cowan, "Measurement of Heart Rate Variability", Western Journal of Nursing Research, 17(1), pp.32~48 (2016), SAGE Publications[DOI]
  14. Dawson, M. E., "Handbook of psychophysiology", pp.200~223 (2007), Cambridge University Press
  15. Tracy A. Dennis, "Interactions between emotion regulation strategies and affective style: Implications for trait anxiety versus depressed mood", Motivation and Emotion, 31(3), pp.200~207 (2007), Springer Nature[DOI]
  16. Sonya S. Deschênes, "The Role of Anger in Generalized Anxiety Disorder", Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41(3), pp.261~271 (2012), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  17. P Ekman, "Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions", Science, 221(4616), pp.1208~1210 (1983), American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)[DOI]
  18. Brigette A. Erwin, "Anger experience and expression in social anxiety disorder: Pretreatment profile and predictors of attrition and response to cognitive-behavioral treatment", Behavior Therapy, 34(3), pp.331~350 (2003), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  19. Bruce H. Friedman, "Autonomic balance revisited: Panic anxiety and heart rate variability", Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 44(1), pp.133~151 (1998), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  20. Jack M. Gorman, "Heart rate variability in depressive and anxiety disorders", American Heart Journal, 140(4), pp.S77~S83 (2000), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  21. James J. Gross, "The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review", Review of General Psychology, 2(3), pp.271~299 (1998), American Psychological Association (APA)[DOI]
  22. Han, D. W., "Validation of Spielberger’s state-trait anxiety inventory", Proceedings for Conference of Korean Psychology Association, pp.505~512 (1993), Republic of Korea
  23. Marit Hauschildt, "Heart rate variability in response to affective scenes in posttraumatic stress disorder", Biological Psychology, 88(2-3), pp.215~222 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  24. Kirsten A. Hawkins, "A test of the unique and interactive roles of anger experience and expression in suicidality: findings from a population-based study", The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201(11), pp.959~963 (2013), Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)[DOI]
  25. Lora Rose Hunter, "Interpreting facial expressions: The influence of social anxiety, emotional valence, and race", Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(4), pp.482~488 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  26. James, W., "What is an emotion?", Mind, 9(34), pp.188~205 (1884)
  27. Kim, J. T., "The relationship between trait anger and sociality", master, pp.1978
  28. Willem J. Kop, "Autonomic nervous system reactivity to positive and negative mood induction: The role of acute psychological responses and frontal electrocortical activity", Biological Psychology, 86(3), pp.230~238 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  29. Sylvia D. Kreibig, "Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: A review", Biological Psychology, 84(3), pp.394~421 (2010), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  30. Lane, R. D., "Neural correlates of heart rate variability during emotion", NeuroImage, 44(1), pp.213~222 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  31. Karin Laumann, "Selective attention and heart rate responses to natural and urban environments", Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23(2), pp.125~134 (2003), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  32. Robert W. Levenson, "The Autonomic Nervous System and Emotion", Emotion Review, 6(2), pp.100~112 (2014), SAGE Publications[DOI]
  33. 이영창, "시청각 동영상에 의해 유발된 부정적 감성에 따른 자율신경계 반응", 감성과학, 10(3), pp.471~480 (2007), 한국감성과학회
  34. ALBERTO MALLIANI, "Power Spectral Analysis of Cardiovascular Variability in Patients at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death", Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 5(3), pp.274~286 (1994), Wiley-Blackwell[DOI]
  35. Jennifer L. Montesi, "On the Relationship Among Social Anxiety, Intimacy, Sexual Communication, and Sexual Satisfaction in Young Couples", Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(1), pp.81~91 (2013), Springer Nature[DOI]
  36. David A. Moscovitch, "Anger experience and expression across the anxiety disorders", Depression and Anxiety, 25(2), pp.107~113 (2008), Wiley-Blackwell[DOI]
  37. Hidehiro Nakahara, "Performing music can induce greater modulation of emotion-related psychophysiological responses than listening to music", International Journal of Psychophysiology, 81(3), pp.152~158 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  38. Park, M. S., "Development of emotion-evoking stimuli to provoke spontaneous emotions", Proceedings for the 2011Annual Spring Conference of Korean Society for Emotion & Sensibility, pp.505~512 (2011)
  39. John E. Richards, "Heart Rate Variability During Attention Phases in Young Infants", Psychophysiology, 28(1), pp.43~53 (1991), Wiley-Blackwell[DOI]
  40. Thomas L. Rodebaugh, "More reasons to be straightforward: Findings and norms for two scales relevant to social anxiety", Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25(5), pp.623~630 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  41. Schneier, F. R., "Functional impairment in social phobia", The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55(8), pp.322~331 (1994)
  42. Smith, C. A., "Handbook of personality: theory and research", pp.609~637 (1991), Guilford
  43. Spielberger, C. D., "State‐Trait anxiety inventory" (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Inc
  44. Spielberger, C. D., "Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory" (1970), Consulting Psychologists Press
  45. Megan Spokas, "Social anxiety and emotional suppression: The mediating role of beliefs", Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40(2), pp.283~291 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  46. Raymond Chip Tafrate, "Anger episodes in high- and low-trait-anger community adults", Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), pp.1573~1590 (2002), Wiley-Blackwell[DOI]
  47. Ross A. Thompson, "Emotional regulation and emotional development", Educational Psychology Review, 3(4), pp.269~307 (1991), Springer Nature[DOI]
  48. Cynthia L. Turk, "Emotion Dysregulation in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Comparison with Social Anxiety Disorder", Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(1), pp.89~106 (2005), Springer Nature[DOI]
  49. Mark V. Versella, "Anger profiles in social anxiety disorder", Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 37, pp.21~29 (2016), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  50. Mikkel Wallentin, "Amygdala and heart rate variability responses from listening to emotionally intense parts of a story", NeuroImage, 58(3), pp.963~973 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  51. Kelly H. Werner, "Assessing Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder: The Emotion Regulation Interview", Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 33(3), pp.346~354 (2011), Springer Nature[DOI]

관련 논문AI추천

스트레스에 대한 심리 반응 유형과 심박변이도의 관련성김아영, 유한영, 장은혜한국감성과학회 · 감성과학2018 · 제21권 제1호심박변이도 지표에 나타난 자율신경 상태와 우울, 불안 및 분노 설문검사 척도 간의 상관성 평가김상영, 김종우, 서현욱, 정선용대한한방신경정신과학회 · 동의신경정신과학회지2011 · 제22권 제4호분노표현 양식과 스트레스 노출이 심박변이도에 미치는 영향김현도, 김현우, 김현주, 노상철, 백기청, 이경규, 이석범, 임명호대한불안의학회 · 대한불안의학회지2009 · 제5권 제1호심박변이도 분석을 이용한 정서표현양가성에 따른 스트레스 반응성 연구민경환, 이동귀, 최해연한국건강심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 건강2010 · 제15권 제3호불안장애 환자에서 육체적 및 정신적 스트레스 시 심박변이도의 변화박두흠, 유승호, 유재학, 조민경, 하지현대한수면의학회 · 수면정신생리2014 · 제21권 제2호Type D 성격 여대생의 급성 스트레스에 따른 자율신경계 반응 : 심박률 변동성을 중심으로고선영, 김명선한국건강심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 건강2009 · 제14권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (14건)

섬유종류와 염색조건에 따른 쪽 염색직물의 색채감성과 색채선호도신주동, 최종명pp. 3-12이산 웨이브렛 변환을 이용한 고각성 부정 감성의 GSR 신호 분석임현준, 유선국, 장원석pp. 13-22An Empirical Investigation into How to Use Visual Storytelling for Increasing Facebook User Engagement김유진pp. 23-38뉴로 스포츠 마케팅을 위한 동공 확장과 주시빈도 간의 관계: 시그마 분석법을 적용하여조수현, 고의석, 김종하, 송기현pp. 39-48촉각적 심상화를 위한 다중감각 단서가 지각된 소유감에 미치는 영향한광희, 김민선pp. 49-60
원문 보기