Relationship Between Muscle Mass and Usual Walking Speed Mediated by Muscle Strength, Respiration and Depression in Elderly Female
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: The elderly population is increasing rapidly worldwide. Muscle mass, usual walking speed (UWS), knee extension strength (KES), hand grip strength (HGS), peak expira-tory flow (PEF), and depression is used for sarcopenia diagnosis. All four of these factors (KES, HGS, PEF, and depression) correlated with UWS and also to muscle mass. But, many studies have suggested that no correlation exists between muscle mass and UWS. Objects: This study aimed: 1) to investigate whether muscle mass reduction affected UWS, as mediated by KES, HGS, PEF and depression, and 2) to explored whether significant changes in these mediators varied by the body segment in which muscle mass evaluated in elderly female aged 65–80 years. Methods: A total of 100 female aged 65–80 years were surveyed. Muscle mass was mea-sured by body segment (upper and lower segment), and KES, HGS, PEF, depression, and UWS were also assessed. Median analyses were progressed in IBM SPSS software (ver. 23.0, IBM Co.) using a downloaded INDIRECT macro. Results: The direct effect of the KES and PEF were significant, and the indirect effect of KES and PEF were not significant. Thus, KES and PEF served as full mediators of the effect of muscle mass on UWS. Regardless of bodily region, KES and PEF combined with muscle mass were significant mediators of UWS, with similar indirect effect sizes. Conclusion: KES and PEF are the only mediators regardless of body part. Therefore, mediat-ing the KES and PEF may prevent sarcopenia progression in elderly female. Also, sarcopenia can be readily assessed by evaluating either the upper or lower body; it is not necessary to measure total muscle mass.
Abstract
Background: The elderly population is increasing rapidly worldwide. Muscle mass, usual walking speed (UWS), knee extension strength (KES), hand grip strength (HGS), peak expira-tory flow (PEF), and depression is used for sarcopenia diagnosis. All four of these factors (KES, HGS, PEF, and depression) correlated with UWS and also to muscle mass. But, many studies have suggested that no correlation exists between muscle mass and UWS. Objects: This study aimed: 1) to investigate whether muscle mass reduction affected UWS, as mediated by KES, HGS, PEF and depression, and 2) to explored whether significant changes in these mediators varied by the body segment in which muscle mass evaluated in elderly female aged 65–80 years. Methods: A total of 100 female aged 65–80 years were surveyed. Muscle mass was mea-sured by body segment (upper and lower segment), and KES, HGS, PEF, depression, and UWS were also assessed. Median analyses were progressed in IBM SPSS software (ver. 23.0, IBM Co.) using a downloaded INDIRECT macro. Results: The direct effect of the KES and PEF were significant, and the indirect effect of KES and PEF were not significant. Thus, KES and PEF served as full mediators of the effect of muscle mass on UWS. Regardless of bodily region, KES and PEF combined with muscle mass were significant mediators of UWS, with similar indirect effect sizes. Conclusion: KES and PEF are the only mediators regardless of body part. Therefore, mediat-ing the KES and PEF may prevent sarcopenia progression in elderly female. Also, sarcopenia can be readily assessed by evaluating either the upper or lower body; it is not necessary to measure total muscle mass.
참고문헌 (40)
- Cruz-Jentoft AJ, "Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis", Age Ageing, 48(4), pp.601~ (2019)
- Chen LK, "Sarcopenia in Asia : consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia", J Am Med Dir Assoc, 15(2), pp.95~101 (2014)
- Wilson D, "Frailty and sarcopenia : the potential role of an aged immune system", Ageing Res Rev, 36, pp.1~10 (2017)
- Kim JH, "Sarcopenia : an independent predictor of mortality in communitydwelling older Korean men", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 69(10), pp.1244~1252 (2014)
- Delmonico MJ, "Alternative definitions of sarcopenia, lower extremity performance, and functional impairment with aging in older men and women", J Am Geriatr Soc, 55(5), pp.769~774 (2007)
- Goodpaster BH, "The loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass, and quality in older adults: the health, aging and body composition study", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 61(10), pp.1059~1064 (2006)
- Chen LK, "Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia : 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment", J Am Med Dir Assoc, 21(3), pp.300~307 (2020)
- Kitamura I, "Six-year longitudinal changes in body composition of middle-aged and elderly Japanese : age and sex differences in appendicular skeletal muscle mass", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 14(2), pp.354~361 (2014)
- Hardy SE, "Improvement in usual gait speed predicts better survival in older adults", J Am Geriatr Soc, 55(11), pp.1727~1734 (2007)
- Liu B, "Usual walking speed and all-cause mortality risk in older people : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Gait Posture, 44, pp.172~177 (2016)
- Perry J, "Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population", Stroke, 26(6), pp.982~989 (1995)
- Studenski S, "Physical performance measures in the clinical setting", J Am Geriatr Soc, 51(3), pp.314~322 (2003)
- Fritz S, "White paper: "walking speed: the sixth vital sign"", J Geriatr Phys Ther, 32(3), pp.110~ (2009)
- Manini TM, "Knee extension strength cutpoints for maintaining mobility", J Am Geriatr Soc, 55(3), pp.451~457 (2007)
- Bean JF, "The relationship between leg power and physical performance in mobility-limited older people", J Am Geriatr Soc, 50(3), pp.461~467 (2002)
- Fragala MS, "Comparison of handgrip and leg extension strength in predicting slow gait speed in older adults", J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(1), pp.144~150 (2016)
- Lee MC, "Criterionreferenced values of grip strength and usual gait speed using instrumental activities of daily living disability as the criterion", J Geriatr Phys Ther, 41(1), pp.14~19 (2018)
- Auyeung TW, "Age-associated decline of muscle mass, grip strength and gait speed: a 4-year longitudinal study of 3018 community-dwelling older Chinese", Geriatr Gerontol Int, (14 Suppl 1), pp.76~84 (2014)
- Kera T, "Relationships among peak expiratory flow rate, body composition, physical function, and sarcopenia in communitydwelling older adults", Aging Clin Exp Res, 30(4), pp.331~340 (2018)
- Ridwan ES, "Peak expiratory flow rate and sarcopenia risk in older Indonesian people : a nationwide survey", PLoS One, 16(2), pp.e0246179~ (2021)
- Sanders JB, "Gait speed and the natural course of depressive symptoms in late life; an independent association with chronicity?", J Am Med Dir Assoc, 17(4), pp.331~335 (2016)
- Wu H, "Both muscle mass and muscle strength are inversely associated with depressive symptoms in an elderly Chinese population", Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 32(7), pp.769~778 (2017)
- Liu LK, "Agerelated skeletal muscle mass loss and physical performance in Taiwan : implications to diagnostic strategy of sarcopenia in Asia", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 13(4), pp.964~971 (2013)
- Santos L, "The improvement in walking speed induced by resistance training is associated with increased muscular strength but not skeletal muscle mass in older women", Eur J Sport Sci, 17(4), pp.488~494 (2017)
- Barbat-Artigas S, "Muscle strength and body weight mediate the relationship between physical activity and usual gait speed", J Am Med Dir Assoc, 17(11), pp.1031~1036 (2016)
- Kim JH, "Assessment of appendicular skeletal muscle mass by bioimpedance in older community-dwelling Korean adults", Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 58(3), pp.303~307 (2014)
- Aparicio VA, "Handgrip strength test as a complementary tool in the assessment of fibromyalgia severity in women", Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 92(1), pp.83~88 (2011)
- Kamath SU, "Motor function outcome assessment by grip and pinch strength following carpal tunnel release", Indian J Sci Technol, 9(4), pp.56916~ (2016)
- Cruz-Jentoft AJ, "Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People", Age Ageing, 39(4), pp.412~423 (2010)
- Ro HJ, "Relationship between respiratory muscle strength and conventional sarcopenic indices in young adults : a preliminary study", Ann Rehabil Med, 39(6), pp.880~887 (2015)
- Jung IK, "A study of standardization of Korean form of Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS)", J Korean Geriatr Psychiatry, 1(1), pp.61~72 (1997)
- Ji Yang Kim, "Standardization of the Korean Version of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure", PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION, 5(4), pp.232~238 (2008), 대한신경정신의학회
- Pamoukdjian F, "Measurement of gait speed in older adults to identify complications associated with frailty : a systematic review", J Geriatr Oncol, 6(6), pp.484~496 (2015)
- Talaei-Khoei M, "Bidirectional mediation of depression and pain intensity on their associations with upper extremity physical function", J Behav Med, 41(3), pp.309~317 (2018)
- Evans WJ, "Sarcopenia and age-related changes in body composition and functional capacity", J Nutr, 123(2 Suppl), pp.465~468 (1993)
- Roberts HC, "A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies : towards a standardised approach", Age Ageing, 40(4), pp.423~429 (2011)
- Bohannon RW, "Are hand-grip and knee extension strength reflective of a common construct?", Percept Mot Skills, 114(2), pp.514~518 (2012)
- Alley DE, "Grip strength cutpoints for the identification of clinically relevant weakness", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 69(5), pp.559~566 (2014)
- Ishizaki T, "Declines in physical performance by sex and age among nondisabled communitydwelling older Japanese during a 6-year period", J Epidemiol, 21(3), pp.176~183 (2011)
- Kim NH, "Depression is associated with sarcopenia, not central obesity, in elderly Korean men", J Am Geriatr Soc, 59(11), pp.2062~2068 (2011)