교잡종 돼지에서 비육기간에 따른 돈육 등심의 이화학적 특성 변화
Effects of feeding period on carcass and objective meat quality in crossbred longissimus muscle
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재래돼지 수컷과 랜드레이스 암컷을 교배하여 생산된 돼지 150두의 비육기간[T1(200일 미만), T2(200~220일), T3(220일 이상)]에 따른 돼지의 도체특성과 돈육의 이화학적 특성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 비육기간이 증가할수록 생체중, 도체중 및 등지방두께는 유의적으로(P<0.05) 증가하였다. 또한 최종 도체등급은 비육기간이 증가할수록 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮았다. 수분 함량과 pH는 비육기간이 증가할수록 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮아졌으나 조지방 함량은 비육기간에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 육색 및 지방색은 비육기간이 길어질수록 L* 값과 b* 값은 낮아지고, a* 값은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높아졌다. 가열 감량은 T1, T3, T2구 순으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 전단가는 비육기간이 증가할수록 낮아지는 결과를 나타내었다. 비육기간에 따른 지방산 조성의 변화에서 T2구는 T1과 T3에 비하여 myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid 및 SFA는 낮았으며, 상대적으로 linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, UFA, EFA, UFA/SFA 및 EFA/SFA 비율은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았다. 그러나 Palmitoleic acid와 arachidonic acid는 비육기간 간에 따른 함량의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 종합해 보았을 때 재래종과 랜드레이스 교잡종 돼지는 비육기간이 증가시 생체중과 도체중 및 육색과 연도가 증가하지만 도체등급은 비육기간의 증가에 의해 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다
Abstract
Objectives of this study was to determine the comparisons of physico-chemical characteristics in crossbred pigs(Korean native breed×Landrace breed) by feeding periods. A total of 150 pigs were sampled from commercial farm, and assigned into three treatedments. Feeding peirods of T1, T2 and T3 were below 200 days, 220-220 days, over 220 days, respectively. Live weight, carcass weight and backfat thickness were significantly(P<0.05) increased with feeding period increased, and final grade score have significantly(P<0.05) lower when feeding period was increased. pH and water content were significantly(P<0.05) lower when feeding period was increased(over 220days). However, intramuscular fat have no significantly different among the treatments. L* and b* were significantly(P<0.05) lower and a* was significantly higher(P<0.05) when feeding period increased. Cooking loss was higher in the order of T1>T3>T2. Shear force values was significantly(P<0.05) decreased by feed period increase. In fatty acids, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and saturated fatty acid(SFA) in T2 were significantly(P<0.05) lower in T2, whereas linolenic acid, unsaturated fatty acid(UFA), essential fatty acid(EFA), UFA/SFA and EFA/SFA were significantly higher in T2 compared with other treatment. However palmitoleic acid and arachidonic acid were no significantly different with feeding periods. As a result of this study, crossbred pigs was increased live weight and carcass weight with feeding periods, and improved meat color and tenderness with feeding periods. However, final grade score was decreased with feeding periods.
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