칼슘의 수준별 급여 및 25-hydroxycholecalciferol의 사료 내 첨가가 종란 생산성 및 후기 난각질에 미치는 영향
Dietary Effects of Varying Levels of Calcium and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on Hatching Egg Production and Eggshell Quality in Aged Egg-Type Breeder Hens
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본 실험에서는 사료 내 Ca 공급 수준의 증가 및 25- (OH)D3의 첨가 급여가 산란종계에서 후기 난각질 강화 및 종란 생산성에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다. 60주령 Hy-Line Brown 산란종계 암탉 540수와 수탉 54수를 공시하여 사료 내 Ca을 3.3%, 3.9% 및 4.5%로 하고, 25-(OH)D3를 각각 0, 75 및 150㎍/kg 수준으로 첨가한 총 9개 실험사료를 10주간 급여하였다. 주별로 사료섭취량을 조사하였고, 산란율과 난중은 매일 조사하였다. 종란율과 부화율 조사를 위해 생산된 종란을 주별로 처리하였다. 실험사료 급여 후 주별로 생산된 계란을 반복구별로 10개씩 수집하여 난각질 측정에 이용하였다. 실험 종료 시 반복구별로 평균체중이 비슷한 개체를 선발하여 채혈 후 희생시킨 다음 경골을 적출하였다. 채취한 경골은 화학적 조성의 분석을 위한 시료로 이용하였고, 얻어진 혈액에서도 성분 분석을 실시하였다. 산란율은 Ca 3.9% 첨가구가 Ca 3.3%와 Ca 4.5% 첨가구에 비해 유의한 증가가 나타났으며(P<0.01), 25-(OH)D3의 무첨가구에서 25-(OH)D3 첨가구에 비해 유의하게(P<0.01) 높게 나타났다. 난각강도는 Ca 4.5% 첨가구가 Ca 3.9%와 Ca 3.3% 첨가구에 비해 유의하게 개선되었으며(P<0.01), 25-(OH)D3 150㎍/kg 첨가구에서 25-(OH)D3 70㎍/kg 첨가구와 25- (OH)D3 무첨가구에 비해 유의하게 개선되었다(P<0.01). 수정율은 Ca 급여수준 변화 및 25-(OH)D3의 첨가 급여에 따라 처리구간에 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 입란대 부화율은 25-(OH)D3 150㎍/kg 첨가구에서 25-(OH)D3 무첨가구에 비해 유의하게(P<0.05) 높게 인정되었다. 경골 내 Ca 함량은 Ca 4.5% 급여구에서 Ca 3.3% 급여구 및 Ca 3.9% 급여구에 비해 유의한 차이가 나타났으나(P<0.05), 25-(OH)D3의 첨가 효과는 인정되지 않았다. 상기의 결과로부터 산란종계의 후기 난각질 개선을 위해서는 사료 내의 Ca 수준을 비교적 높게 설정하는 것이 유리하며, 25- (OH)D3의 첨가에 의해서도 난각질이 개선될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 25-(OH)D3를 150㎍/kg 첨가에 의해 입란대 부화율이 유의하게 개선되는 결과가 시사되었다. 그러나 25-(OH)D3를 150㎍/kg 수준으로 첨가했을 때 관찰된 산란율의 저하에 대해서는 그 원인을 밝히기 위한 추가적인 연구가 필요하겠다.
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary calcium(Ca) and vitamin D3 metabolite on eggshell quality and hatching egg production in aged egg-type breeder hens. A total of five hundred and forty 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown breeder hens were randomly allocated to nine treatments in a 3×3 factorial design to determine the effects of dietary Ca levels (3.3, 3.9, and 4.5%), combined with three levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol[25-(OH)D3 0, 75, and 150㎍/kg], on eggshell quality and egg production for 10 weeks. There were significant Ca and 25-(OH)D3 effects(P<0.01) on egg production rate. There was a linear(P<0.01) increase in eggshell strength and thickness with increasing dietary Ca and 25-(OH)D3 levels. Dietary 25-(OH)D3 had a significant effect(P<0.05) on hatchability of egg although fertility was not influenced by dietarylevels of Ca and 25-(OH)D3. Dietary Ca levels affected Ca content in tibia(P<0.05). These results indicated that relatively high levels of dietary Ca in combination with 25-(OH)D3 had a beneficial effect on improving eggshell quality and reproductive performance in aged egg-type breeder hens.
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