Examination of the Presence and Differential Expression of Connexin Isoforms in the Urinary Bladder of the Male Rat During Postnatal Period
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The coordinated action of the detrusor muscle cells in the urinary bladder is governed by cell-cell communication through gap junction, consisted of connexin(Cx) molecules. Even though a number of researches have been mostly focused on expressional changes of a few Cx isoforms in clinically dysfunctional condition of the bladder, less attention has been paid for investigation of Cx isoforms present in the bladder. Using real-time PCR analysis, the present study examined Cx isoforms expressing in the male rat bladder during postnatal period. Also, expressional patterns of Cx isoforms were evaluated in the bladder at different postnatal ages. Of a total of 13 Cx isoforms tested in the present study, we were able to detect mRNAs of 6 Cx isoforms in the rat urinary bladder, including Cxs 31, 31.1, 32, 37, 40, and 45. The transcript levels of Cxs 31, 31.1, 37, 40, and 45 were gradually increased from 1 week of age until 25 days of age, followed by transient decreases at 45 days of age. However, abundance of Cx32 transcript was drastically increased at 15 days of age, followed by a sharp drop at 45 days of age. These results indicate that differential expression of Cx isoforms in the bladder during postnatal development would be necessary for maintaining proper function of the bladder. A question remains to be answered if significant decreases of transcript levels of some Cx isoforms at the elderly are associated with age-dependent dysfunction of the bladder.
Abstract
The coordinated action of the detrusor muscle cells in the urinary bladder is governed by cell-cell communication through gap junction, consisted of connexin(Cx) molecules. Even though a number of researches have been mostly focused on expressional changes of a few Cx isoforms in clinically dysfunctional condition of the bladder, less attention has been paid for investigation of Cx isoforms present in the bladder. Using real-time PCR analysis, the present study examined Cx isoforms expressing in the male rat bladder during postnatal period. Also, expressional patterns of Cx isoforms were evaluated in the bladder at different postnatal ages. Of a total of 13 Cx isoforms tested in the present study, we were able to detect mRNAs of 6 Cx isoforms in the rat urinary bladder, including Cxs 31, 31.1, 32, 37, 40, and 45. The transcript levels of Cxs 31, 31.1, 37, 40, and 45 were gradually increased from 1 week of age until 25 days of age, followed by transient decreases at 45 days of age. However, abundance of Cx32 transcript was drastically increased at 15 days of age, followed by a sharp drop at 45 days of age. These results indicate that differential expression of Cx isoforms in the bladder during postnatal development would be necessary for maintaining proper function of the bladder. A question remains to be answered if significant decreases of transcript levels of some Cx isoforms at the elderly are associated with age-dependent dysfunction of the bladder.
참고문헌 (24)
- Allah, E. A., "Changes in the expression of ion channels, connexins and Ca2+-handling proteins in the sino-atrial mode during postnatal development", Exp. Physiol, 96, pp.426~438 (2011)
- Evans, W. H., "Gap junctions: structure and function (review)", Mol. Membr. Biol, 19, pp.121~136 (2002)
- Gee, J., "Connexin 26 is abnormally expressed in bladder cancer", J. Urol, 169, pp.1135~1137 (2003)
- Giese, S., "Sertoli-cell-specific knockout of connexin 43 leads to multiple alterations in testicular gene expression in prepubertal mice", Dis. Model. Mech (2012)
- Goodenough, D. A., "Gap junctions", Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol, 1, pp.a003061~ (2009)
- Heinrich, M., "Cytokine effects on gap junction communi- cation and connexin expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells and suburothelial myofibroblasts", PLoS One, 6, pp.e20792~ (2011)
- Ikeda, Y., "Role of gap junctions in spontaneous activity of the rat bladder", Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol, 293, pp.F1018~F1025 (2007)
- Imamura, M., "Basic fibroblast growth factor causes urinary bladder overactivity through gap junction generation in the smooth muscle", Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol, 297, pp.F46~F54 (2009)
- 정성진, "Prevalence and Clinical Features of Detrusor Underactivity among Elderly with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Comparison between Men and Women", Korean Journal of Urology, 53(5), pp.342~348 (2012), 대한비뇨기과학회[DOI]
- Li, L., "Changes of gap junctional cell-cell communication in overactive detrusor in rats", Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol, 293, pp.C1627~C1635 (2007)
- John, H., "Evidence of gap junctions in the stable nonobstructed human bladder", J. Urol, 169, pp.745~749 (2003)
- Li, L., "Changes of gap junctional cell-cell communication in over- active detrusor in rats", Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol, 293, pp.C1627~C1635 (2007)
- Miyazato, M., "Changes of bladder activity and connexin 43-derived gap junctions after partial bladder-outlet obstruction in rats", Int. Urol. Nephrol, 42, pp.815~821 (2009)
- Negoro, H., "Regulation of connexin 43 by basic fibroblast growth factor in the bladder: transcriptional and behavioral implications", J. Urol, 185, pp.2398~2404 (2011)
- Neuhaus, J., "Alterations in connexin expression in the bladder of patients with urge symptoms", BJU Int, 96, pp.670~676 (2005)
- Okada, S., "Dietary soy isoflavone replacement improves detrusor overactivity of ovariectomized rats with altered connexin-43 expression in the urinary bladder", BJU Int, 103, pp.1429~1435 (2009)
- Oyamada, M., "Regulation of connexin expression by transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms", Biochim. Biophys. Acta (2012)
- Poladia, D. P., "Innervation and connexin isoform expression during diabetes-related bladder dysfunction: early structural vs. neuronal remodeling", Acta Diabetol, 42, pp.147~152 (2005)
- Segretain, D., "Regulation of connexin biosynthesis, assembly, gap junction formation, and removal", Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1662, pp.321~ (2004)
- 송성호, "Sex- and Age-Related Changes in Connexin 43 Expression in Normal Rat Bladder", International Neurourology Journal, 15(1), pp.25~28 (2011), 대한배뇨장애요실금학회
- Stanley, R. L., "Gap junction protein expression and cellularity: comparison of immature and adult equine digital tendons", J. Anat, 211, pp.325~334 (2007)
- Wagner, C., "Selective deletion of connexin 40 in rennin-producing cells impairs renal baroreceptor function and is associated with arterial hypertension", Kidney Int, 78, pp.762~768 (2010)
- Wilson, M. E., "Estrogen receptor-alpha gene expression in the cortex: sex differences during development and in adulthood", Horm. Behav, 59, pp.353~357 (2010)
- Zhang, Z. B., "Gap junctional protein connexin 43 in rat detrusor muscle with unstable bladder", Chin. Med. J. (Engl.), 121, pp.1698~1701 (2008)