국내 홀스타인 젖소의 비유지속성 평가에 대한 고찰
A Consideration on the Lactation Persistency Evaluation in Korean Holstein Dairy Cattle
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초록
본 연구는 홀스타인 젖소, 436,690두의 검정일 유량기록 총 4,366,900개를 이용하여 비유지속성에 대한 특성과 새로운 평가형질로서의 가능성을 조사하는데 있다. 1산차, 2산차와 3산차 이상의 평균 비유지속성은 각각 97.5%, 95.1%와 94.6%였으며, 최고 유량 도달 이후 비유지속성이 일괄적으로 감소하는 추세를 나타내었다. 분만 후 최고유량에 도달하는 평균 비유일수는 약 50일로 조사되었으나 실제로 2차 검정(36~66일)시에 최고 유량에 도달하는 개체의 기록은 전체 자료의 33.2%에 불과하였다. 또한 1차 검정시에 최고 유량에 도달한 개체들의 비유일수에 따른 유생산량 변화는 2~4차 검정에서 최고유량을 나타내는 개체들의 변화와는 많은 차이를 나타내었다. 평균 비유지속성에 대한 유전력과 반복력은 각각 0.16과 0.35로 추정되었으며, 10차 검정시 평균 비유지속성에 대한 검정차별 유전상관을 보면 7차 검정시 이상일 때 0.91이상이었으며, 검정차수가 줄어들수록 유전상관은 급격히 감소하였다. Data Ⅰ에 대한 Data Ⅱ와 Ⅲ의 육종가 상관은 각각 0.80과 0.72, 순위 상관은 각각 0.78과 0.71로 나타났다. 결과적으로 자료가 추가될수록 육종가 및 순위 상관은 낮게 나타났다
Abstract
The characteristics of lactation persistency was investigated for new evaluation trait using 4,366,900 milk yield records from 436,690 heads of Korean Holstein dairy cattle. The average lactation persistencies of first parity, second parity and over third parity were 97.5%, 95.1% and 94.6%, respectively and there was a trend that after the peak yield, lactation persistency decreased collectively. The average days of peak milk yields after calving was about 50 days, but only 33.2% of cows reached peak yields at 36~66 days(second test day). Also, there was a difference between the milk yield of cows which reached peak yields at first test day by lactation days and that of cows which reached peak yields at second to fourth test day. The estimates of heritabilty and repeatability for mean lactation persistency were 0.16 and 0.35, respectively. The genetic correlation between cumulative lactation persistency from third to tenth test day and that from third to seventh test day was 0.91 and while it increased in later test day, it decreased sharply in earlier test day. The breeding value correlations of Data II and III for Data Ⅰ were 0.80 and 0.72, respectively, while the rank correlations were 0.78 and 0.71, respectively. Based on the results, the breeding value and rank correlations decreased when more data were added.
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