Adaptational changes of behaviors in hens introduced to a multi-tier system
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study was conducted to investigate behavioral changes in laying hens (Hy-Line Brown) after transfer to a multi-tier system from the floor system and to examine their production performance. The hens were randomly divided into two groups and were allocated to the multi-tier system and the floor system at a commercial farm. Behavior of the laying hens was recorded by CCD (charge-coupled device) cameras and a digital video recorder. The data were scanned every 2 min to obtain an instantaneous behavioral sample or were immediately counted whenever the hens exhibited a designated behavior. Behavior changed dramatically during the first seven days. Egg production was higher in the multi-tier system, while cracked and dirty eggs were more frequent in the floor system (p < 0.05). No differences in mortality rate or egg quality were observed between the groups. In conclusion, the hens needed at least seven days to adapt to the multi-tier system. The multi-tier system was more efficient than the floor system in terms of production performance.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate behavioral changes in laying hens (Hy-Line Brown) after transfer to a multi-tier system from the floor system and to examine their production performance. The hens were randomly divided into two groups and were allocated to the multi-tier system and the floor system at a commercial farm. Behavior of the laying hens was recorded by CCD (charge-coupled device) cameras and a digital video recorder. The data were scanned every 2 min to obtain an instantaneous behavioral sample or were immediately counted whenever the hens exhibited a designated behavior. Behavior changed dramatically during the first seven days. Egg production was higher in the multi-tier system, while cracked and dirty eggs were more frequent in the floor system (p < 0.05). No differences in mortality rate or egg quality were observed between the groups. In conclusion, the hens needed at least seven days to adapt to the multi-tier system. The multi-tier system was more efficient than the floor system in terms of production performance.
참고문헌 (95)
- Newberry RC, "Environmental enrichment : increasing the biological relevance of captive environments", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 44, pp.229~243 (1995)
- Campbell DLM, "Perch use by laying hens in a commercial aviary", Poult Sci, 95, pp.1736~1742 (2016)
- Tauson R, "Management and housing systems for layers : effects on welfare and production", Worlds Poult Sci J, 61, pp.477~490 (2005)
- Janczak AM, "Review of rearing-related factors affecting the welfare of laying hens", Poult Sci, 94, pp.1454~1469 (2015)
- de Haas EN, "Predicting feather damage in laying hens during the laying period. Is it the past or is it the present?", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 160, pp.75~85 (2014)
- Campbell DLM, "A review of environmental enrichment for laying hens during rearing in relation to their behavioral and physiological development", Poult Sci, 98, pp.9~28 (2019)
- Channing CE, "Spatial distribution and behaviour of laying hens housed in an alternative system", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 72, pp.335~345 (2001)
- J. H. Choi, "Feed Consumption Pattern of Laying Hens in Relation to Time of Oviposition", Animal Bioscience, 17(3), pp.371~373 (2004), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Jordan D, "The influence of sequential feeding on behaviour, feed intake and feather condition in laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 127, pp.115~124 (2010)
- Hetland H, "Effect of feed structure on performance and welfare in laying hens housed in conventional and furnished cages", Acta Agric Scand A Anim Sci, 53, pp.92~100 (2003)
- Savory CJ, "Diurnal feeding patterns in domestic fowls : a review", Appl Anim Ethol, 6, pp.71~82 (1980)
- Savory CJ, "Effects of egg production on the pattern of food intake of broiler hens kept in continuous light", Br Poult Sci, 18, pp.331~337 (1977)
- Wood-Gush DGM, "The effect of egg formation and laying on the food and water intake of Brown Leghorn hens", Br Poult Sci, 11, pp.459~466 (1970)
- Cunningham DL, "Relationship between production factors and dominance in White Leghorn hens in a study on social rank and cage design", Appl Anim Ethol, 11, pp.33~44 (1983)
- Meunier-Salaün MC, "On the feeding and social behaviour of the laying hen", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 13, pp.129~141 (1984)
- Huon F, "Feeder design and available feeding space influence the feeding behaviour of hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 15, pp.65~70 (1986)
- Albentosa MJ, "Evaluation of the effects of cage height and stocking density on the behaviour of laying hens in furnished cages", Br Poult Sci, 48, pp.1~11 (2007)
- Appleby MC, "Perch length in cages for medium hybrid laying hens", Br Poult Sci, 36, pp.23~31 (1995)
- Tauson R, "Effects of a perch in conventional cages for laying hens", Acta Agri Scand, 34, pp.193~209 (1984)
- Olsson IAS, "The push-door for measuring motivation in hens : laying hens are motivated to perch at night", Anim Welf, 11, pp.11~19 (2002)
- Blokhuis HJ, "Rest in poultry", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 12, pp.289~303 (1984)
- Olsson IAS, "Night-time roosting in laying hens and the effect of thwarting access to perches", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 68, pp.243~256 (2000)
- Brake J, "Effect of age and presence of perches during rearing on tonic immobility fear reactions of broiler breeder pullets", Poult Sci, 73, pp.1470~1474 (1994)
- Brendler C, "Vigilance and roosting behaviour of laying hens on different perch heights", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 157, pp.93~99 (2014)
- Cordiner LS, "Use of perches and nestboxes by laying hens in relation to social status, based on examination of consistency of ranking orders and frequency of interaction", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 71, pp.305~317 (2001)
- Gunnarsson S, "Rearing without early access to perches impairs the spatial skills of laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 67, pp.217~228 (2000)
- Wichman A, "Perching behaviour in chickens and its relation to spatial ability", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 105, pp.165~179 (2007)
- Fleming RH, "Bone structure and breaking strength in laying hens housed in different husbandry systems", Br Poult Sci, 35, pp.651~662 (1994)
- Nørgaard-Nielsen G, "Bone strength of laying hens kept in an alternative system, compared with hens in cages and on deep‐litter", Br Poult Sci, 31, pp.81~89 (1990)
- Duncan IJH, "Observations on the reproductive behaviour of domestic fowl in the wild", Appl Anim Ethol, 4, pp.29~42 (1978)
- Kruschwitz A, "Nest preference of laying hens(Gallus gallus domesticus)and their motivation to exert themselves to gain nest access", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 112, pp.321~330 (2008)
- Lundberg A, "The impact of social factors on nesting in laying hens(Gallus gallus domesticus)", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 64, pp.57~69 (1999)
- Riber AB, "Development with age of nest box use and gregarious nesting in laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 123, pp.24~31 (2010)
- Appleby MC, "The individual nest box as a super-stimulus for domestic hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 15, pp.169~176 (1986)
- Appleby MC, "Design of nest boxes for laying cages", Br Poult Sci, 32, pp.667~678 (1991)
- Buchwalder T, "Assessment of colony nests for laying hens in conjunction with the authorization procedure", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 134, pp.64~71 (2011)
- Struelens E, "Influence of nest seclusion and nesting material on pre-laying behaviour of laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 112, pp.106~119 (2008)
- Zupan M, "The influence of light intensity during early exposure to colours on the choice of nest colours by laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 105, pp.154~164 (2007)
- Rietveld-Piepers B, "Egg-laying behaviour and nest-site selection of domestic hens kept in small floor-pens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 14, pp.75~88 (1985)
- Freire R, "Effects of social interactions on pre-laying behaviour in hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 56, pp.47~57 (1998)
- Lentfer TL, "Nest use is influenced by the positions of nests and drinkers in aviaries", Poult Sci, 92, pp.1433~1442 (2013)
- Sherwin CM, "Factors influencing floor-laying by hens in modified cages", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 36, pp.211~222 (1993)
- van Liere DW, "Dustbathing behaviour of laying hens as related to quality of dustbathing material", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 26, pp.127~141 (1990)
- Vestergaard K, "Dust-bathing in the domestic fowl : diurnal rhythm and dust deprivation", Appl Anim Ethol, 8, pp.487~495 (1982)
- Duncan IJH, "External factors and causation of dustbathing in domestic hens", Behav Proc, 43, pp.219~228 (1998)
- Hogan JA, "Causal factors controlling dustbathing in Burmese red junglefowl : some results and a model", Anim Behav, 46, pp.627~635 (1993)
- Nicol CJ, "Influence of prior exposure to wood shavings on feather pecking, dustbathing and foraging in adult laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 73, pp.141~155 (2001)
- Sanotra GS, "The relative preferences for feathers, straw, wood-shavings and sand for dustbathing, pecking and scratching in domestic chicks", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 43, pp.263~277 (1995)
- Wichman A, "Hens are motivated to dustbathe in peat irrespective of being reared with or without a suitable dustbathing substrate", Anim Behav, 75, pp.1525~1533 (2008)
- Orság J, "Behaviour of hens deprived of dustbathing", Slovak J Anim Sci, 44, pp.65~71 (2011)
- Gentle MJ, "Physiological and behavioural responses associated with feather removal in Gallus gallus var domesticus", Res Vet Sci, 50, pp.95~101 (1991)
- Savory CJ, "Feather pecking and cannibalism", Worlds Poult Sci J, 51, pp.215~219 (1995)
- Blokhuis HJ, "The LayWel project : welfare implications of changes in production systems for laying hens", Worlds Poult Sci J, 63, pp.101~114 (2007)
- Ramadan SGA, "Role of loose feathers on the development of feather pecking in laying hens", Br Poult Sci, 49, pp.250~256 (2008)
- Nicol CJ, "Differential effects of increased stocking density, mediated by increased flock size, on feather pecking and aggression in laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 65, pp.137~152 (1999)
- Wechsler B, "The effect of foraging material and perch height on feather pecking and feather damage in laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 58, pp.131~141 (1998)
- Blokhuis HJ, "Studies of feather pecking in poultry", Vet Quart, 20, pp.6~9 (1998)
- Wood-Gush DGM, "The behaviour of the domestic fowl" (1971), Heinemann Educational Books Ltd
- Albentosa MJ, "Effects of cage height and stocking density on the frequency of comfort behaviours performed by laying hens housed in furnished cages", Anim Welf, 13, pp.419~424 (2004)
- Carmichael NL, "Laying hens in large flocks in a perchery system : influence of stocking density on location, use of resources and behaviour", Br Poult Sci, 40, pp.165~176 (1999)
- Nicol CJ, "Social influences on the comfort behaviour of laying hens", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 22, pp.75~81 (1989)
- Shimmura T, "Behavior, performance and physical condition of laying hens in conventional and small furnished cages", Anim Sci J, 78, pp.323~329 (2007)
- Dawkins MS, "Space needs of laying hens", Br Poult Sci, 30, pp.413~416 (1989)
- Nicol CJ, "Behavioural responses of laying hens following a period of spatial restriction", Anim Behav, 35, pp.1709~1719 (1987)
- Tanaka T, "The behavior of young layers during the first two weeks in aviary and battery cages", Poult Sci, 70, pp.404~407 (1991)
- Croney CC, "A note on social dominance and learning ability in the domestic chicken(Gallus gallus)", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 105, pp.254~258 (2007)
- Preisinger R, "Lohmann tradition, praxiserfahrung und entwicklungsperspektiven", Lohmann Inform, 3, pp.13~16 (2000)
- Sosnówka-Czajka E, "Effect of different housing systems on productivity and welfare of laying hens", Ann Anim Sci, 10, pp.349~360 (2010)
- Hunniford ME, "Evidence of competition for nest sites by laying hens in large furnished cages", Appl Anim Behav Sci, 161, pp.95~104 (2014)
- Abrahamsson P, "Performance and egg quality of laying hens in an aviary system", J Appl Poult Res, 7, pp.225~232 (1998)
- Guesdon V, "Laying performance and egg quality in hens kept in standard or furnished cages", Anim Res, 53, pp.45~57 (2004)
- Johnston SA, "Modelling the changes in the proportions of the egg components during a laying cycle", Br Poult Sci, 48, pp.347~353 (2007)
- Silversides FG, "Effect of storage and layer age on quality of eggs from two lines of hens", Poult Sci, 80, pp.1240~1245 (2001)
- Van Den Brand H, "Effects of housing system(outdoor vs cages)and age of laying hens on egg characteristics", Br Poult Sci, 45, pp.745~752 (2004)
- Hy-Line International, "Hy-Line brown commercial layers: management guide", Hy-Line International, ~ (2014)
- Basmacioglu H, "Research on the factors affecting cholesterol content and some other characteristics of eggs in laying hens the effects of genotype and rearing system", Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 29, pp.157~164 (2005)
- Aerni V, "Productivity and mortality of laying hens in aviaries : a systematic review", Worlds Poult Sci J, 61, pp.130~142 (2005)
- Abrahamsson P, "Effects on production, health and egg quality of varying proportions of wheat and barley in diets for two hybrids of laying hens kept in different housing systems", Acta Agric Scand A Anim Sci, 46, pp.173~182 (1996)
- Mostert BE, "Influence of different housing systems on the performance of hens of four laying strains", S Afr J Anim Sci, 25, pp.80~86 (1995)
- Lee DH, "Consumer preference for eggshell color in Korea-eggs from the research of developing fowl typhoid resistant strains", Korean J Poult Sci, 30, pp.29~34 (2003)
- Hughes BO, "Categorisation and causes of abnormal egg shells : relationship with stress", Br Poult Sci, 27, pp.325~337 (1986)
- Reynard M, "Stress-induced oviposition delays in laying hens : duration and consequences for eggshell quality", Brit Poult Sci, 40, pp.585~591 (1999)
- Odabaşi AZ, "Changes in brown eggshell color as the hen ages", Poult Sci, 86, pp.356~363 (2007)
- Campo JL, "Differences among white-, tinted-, and brown-egg laying hens for in-cidence of eggs laid on the floor and for oviposition time", Arch Geflügelk, 71, pp.105~109 (2007)
- Walker AW, "Egg shell colour is affected by laying cage design", Br Poult Sci, 39, pp.696~699 (1998)
- Yannakopoulos AL, "Relationship of parents’ age, hatching egg weight, and shell quality to day-old chick weight as influenced by oviposition time", Poult Sci, 66, pp.829~833 (1987)
- Silversides FG, "Effect of storage and layer age on quality of eggs from two lines of hens", Poult Sci, 80, pp.1240~1245 (2001)
- Yannakopoulos AL, "Egg composition as influenced by time of oviposition, egg weight, and age of hens", Arch Geflügelk, 58, pp.206~213 (1994)
- Roberts JR, "Factors affecting egg internal quality and egg shell quality in laying hens", J Poult Sci, 41, pp.161~177 (2004)
- Lesson S, "Commercial poultry nutrition", pp.77~148 (1991), University Books
- Pištěková V, "The quality comparison of eggs laid by laying hens kept in battery cages and in a deep litter system", Czech J Anim Sci, 51, pp.318~325 (2006)
- Singh R, "Production performance and egg quality of four strains of laying hens kept in conventional cages and floor pens", Poult Sci, 88, pp.256~264 (2009)
- Senčić Đ, "Productivity of layers and egg quality in free range and cage system of housing", Poljoprivreda, 12, pp.48~51 (2006)
- M. Ahammed, "Comparison of Aviary, Barn and Conventional Cage Raising of Chickens on Laying Performance and Egg Quality", Animal Bioscience, 27(8), pp.1196~1203 (2014), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Groot Koerkamp PWG, "Litter composition and ammonia emission in aviary houses for laying hens. Part 1: performance of a litter drying system", J Agric Eng Res, 70, pp.375~382 (1998)
