본문 바로가기
KERD
논문

A study on the optimal thickness of corn flakes produced by using the pressurized steam chamber

2

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류축산학

초록

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the thickness of corn flakes produced by pressurized steam chamber (PSC) on rumen fermentation characteristics and nutrient degradability in Hanwoo and Holstein cows. Corn flakes were treated by PSC, in three groups based on corn flake thickness: < 2.5 mm (T1), 2.5–3.0 mm (T2), and > 3.0 mm (T3). Corn flake thickness significantly influenced pH (p < 0.01) and propionate concentration (p < 0.05) and slightly but not significantly influenced acetate, butyrate, and total-volatile fatty acids (T-VFA) concentrations. The dry matter (DM) degradability increased significantly with a reduction in corn flake thickness (p < 0.01), being significantly greater in T1 and T2 than T3 groups (p < 0.01) and similar between T1 and T2 groups throughout whole incubation time. Also, starch degradability was the lowest in T3 groups than others (p < 0.01). Thus, the present results showed that considering the production efficiency and economic feasibility, the optimal thickness of corn flakes produced in a PSC is recommended to be 2.5–3.0 mm.

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the thickness of corn flakes produced by pressurized steam chamber (PSC) on rumen fermentation characteristics and nutrient degradability in Hanwoo and Holstein cows. Corn flakes were treated by PSC, in three groups based on corn flake thickness: < 2.5 mm (T1), 2.5–3.0 mm (T2), and > 3.0 mm (T3). Corn flake thickness significantly influenced pH (p < 0.01) and propionate concentration (p < 0.05) and slightly but not significantly influenced acetate, butyrate, and total-volatile fatty acids (T-VFA) concentrations. The dry matter (DM) degradability increased significantly with a reduction in corn flake thickness (p < 0.01), being significantly greater in T1 and T2 than T3 groups (p < 0.01) and similar between T1 and T2 groups throughout whole incubation time. Also, starch degradability was the lowest in T3 groups than others (p < 0.01). Thus, the present results showed that considering the production efficiency and economic feasibility, the optimal thickness of corn flakes produced in a PSC is recommended to be 2.5–3.0 mm.

참고문헌 (28)

  1. Ahn JS, "Study on optimal processing condition of the pressurized steam chamber and feed value evaluation for quality improvement of corn flaked", Ph.D., pp.2017
  2. Zinn RA, "Flaking corn : processing mechanics, quality standards, and impacts on energy availability and performance of feedlot cattle", J Anim Sci, 80, pp.1145~1156 (2002)
  3. Hales KE, "Effects of varying bulk densities of steam-flaked corn and dietary roughage concentration on in vitro fermentation, performance, carcass quality, and acid-base balance measurements in finishing steers", J Anim Sci, 88, pp.1135~1147 (2010)
  4. Schwandt EF, "Flake density, roll diameter, and flake moisture all influence starch availability of steam-flaked corn", Kans Agric Exp Stn Res Reports, 31, pp.22~ (2017)
  5. Plascencia A, "Influence of flake density on the feeding value of steam-processed corn in diets for lactating cows", J Anim Sci, 74, pp.310~316 (1996)
  6. 손근남, "옥수수 가공방법이 In vitro 건물소화율 및 In sacco 건물 분해율에 미치는 영향", 한국축산학회지, 45(3), pp.433~442 (2003), 한국축산학회
  7. Reinhardt CD, "Performance, digestion, and mastication efficiency of Holstein steers fed whole or processed corn in limit-or full-fed growing-finishing systems", J Anim Sci, 76, pp.1778~1788 (1998)
  8. Brown MS, "Effect of degree of corn processing on urinary nitrogen composition, serum metabolite and insulin profiles, and performance by finishing steers", J Anim Sci, 78, pp.2464~2474 (2000)
  9. Swingle RS, "Impact of sorghum grain flake density on feedlot performance", Proceedings of Southwest Nutrition and Management Conference, pp.55~63 (1992)
  10. Zinn RA, "Influence of processing on the comparative feeding value of barley for feedlot cattle", J Anim Sci, 71, pp.3~10 (1993)
  11. McDougall EI, "Studies on ruminant saliva. 1. the composition and output of sheep’s saliva", J Biochem, 43, pp.99~109 (1948)
  12. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, "Official method of analysis of AOAC" (1990), AOAC
  13. Goering HK, "Forage fiber analysis: apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications" (1979), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture
  14. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, "Feed standard analysis method", pp.310~311 (2017), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
  15. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, "Korean food standards codex", Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, 279~ (2016)
  16. Theurer CB, "Steam-processed corn and sorghum grain flaked at different densities alter ruminal, small intestinal, and total tract digestibility of starch by steers", J Anim Sci, 77, pp.2824~2831 (1999)
  17. Zinn RA, "Comparative effects of processing methods on the feeding value of maize in feedlot cattle", Nutr Res Rev, 24, pp.183~190 (2011)
  18. Wang Y, "Investigation of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme activity on barley straw using in vitro incubation", J Anim Sci, 80, pp.316~ (2002)
  19. Domby EM, "Interactive effects of bulk density of steam-flaked corn and concentration of Sweet Bran on feedlot cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility", J Anim Sci, 92, pp.1133~1143 (2014)
  20. Zinn RA, "Influence of steaming time on site of digestion of flaked corn in steers", J Anim Sci, 68, pp.776~781 (1990)
  21. Schwandt EF, "Grain processing considerations influencing starch digestion and performance of feedlot cattle", Ph.D., pp.2015
  22. Swingle RS, "Flake density of steam-processed sorghum grain alters performance and sites of digestibility by growing-finishing steers", J Anim Sci, 77, pp.1055~1065 (1999)
  23. Zinn RA, "Influence of flake thickness on the feeding value of steam-rolled wheat for feedlot cattle", J Anim Sci, 72, pp.21~28 (1994)
  24. Drouillard J, "Flaked grain variables: control points and evaluation of flaked grains", Proceedings of the Cattle Grain Processing Symposium, pp.81~87 (2016)
  25. Hungate RE, "The rumen and its microbes", pp.533~540 (1966), Academic Press
  26. Hungate RE, "A comparison of the rumen fermentation in European and Zebu cattle", J Agric Sci, 54, pp.196~201 (1960)
  27. Bartocci S, "Solid and fluid passage rate in buffalo, cattle and sheep fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios", Livest Prod Sci, 52, pp.201~208 (1997)
  28. Voigt J, "Rumen fermentation and retention time of the digesta in growing cattle of the breeds Black-White Dairy Cattle, Galloway, and Highland", Arch Anim Breed, 43, pp.609~620 (2000)

관련 논문AI추천

A study on comparative feeding value of corn flakes according to temperature and retention time in the pressurized steam chamber권응기, 김민지, 김일영, 박병기, 손기활, 신종서, 심재윤, 안준상, 조상래, 조성면한국축산학회 · 한국축산학회지2019 · 제61권 제3호가압식 스팀 챔버를 이용한 옥수수 후레이크의 반추위 소실율 및 에너지 가치 평가에 관한 연구권응기, 김민지, 김일영, 박병기, 신종서, 심재윤, 안준상, 정기용, 조성면동물생명과학연구소 · 동물자원연구2018 · 제29권 제3호Effect of flaking on the digestibility of corn in ruminants서성원, 이민경, 전서영, Hamin Kang, Ju Hwan Lee, Sang Moon Lee한국축산학회 · 한국축산학회지2021 · 제63권 제5호Effect of corn grain particle size on ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites of Holstein steers fed total mixed ration박성권, 이성실, 최성호, 최창원, Do Hyung Kim아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2018 · 제31권 제1호재고미의 가공처리에 따른 in vitro, in situ 소화율 및 발효성상 평가김병우, 김한빈, 서자겸, 신택순, 양성재, 정은상, 조병욱, 조성근한국유기농업학회 · 한국유기농업학회지2018 · 제26권 제2호통옥수수 및 Steam-flaked 옥수수 기초사료가 반추위미생물 발효성상과 한국재래산양 반추위대사 특성에 미치는 영향고종렬, 배귀석, 배정희, 윤석준, 장문백, 하종규한국축산학회 · 한국축산학회지2002 · 제44권 제6호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (15건)