Postprandial Ammonia Excretion and Oxygen Consumption Rates in Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fed Two Different Feed Types According to Water Temperature
4
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Postprandial ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed two different feed types, moist pellet (MP) and expanded pellet (EP) diets, to satiation were determined at 12°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C for 48 h. The ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption rates increased with increasing water temperature. However, the postprandial times for the maximum rates of ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption were shortened from 12 h to 6 h after feeding with increasing water temperature. The ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption rates of fish fed EP were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those fed MP at 12 h post-feeding both for 12°C and 15°C. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific ammonia excretion rates at 12°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 12.1 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1 and 8.7 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1, respectively, for 12 h and 9 h after feeding. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific oxygen consumption rates at 12°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 116.4 mg kg-1h-1 and 101.0 mg kg-1h-1, respectively, for 12 h after feeding. The highest ammonia excretion rates at 25°C in fish fed EP and MP increased to 16.9 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1 and 18.3 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1, respectively, for 6 h after feeding. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific oxygen consumption rates at 25°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 184.3 mg O2 kg–1h–1 and 197.3 mg O2 kg–1h–1, respectively. These data are extremely valuable for the design of biofilters and development of effluent treatment technologies for land-based flounder farms.
Abstract
Postprandial ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed two different feed types, moist pellet (MP) and expanded pellet (EP) diets, to satiation were determined at 12°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C for 48 h. The ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption rates increased with increasing water temperature. However, the postprandial times for the maximum rates of ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption were shortened from 12 h to 6 h after feeding with increasing water temperature. The ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption rates of fish fed EP were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those fed MP at 12 h post-feeding both for 12°C and 15°C. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific ammonia excretion rates at 12°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 12.1 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1 and 8.7 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1, respectively, for 12 h and 9 h after feeding. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific oxygen consumption rates at 12°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 116.4 mg kg-1h-1 and 101.0 mg kg-1h-1, respectively, for 12 h after feeding. The highest ammonia excretion rates at 25°C in fish fed EP and MP increased to 16.9 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1 and 18.3 mg NH3-N kg–1h–1, respectively, for 6 h after feeding. The highest (P < 0.05) weight-specific oxygen consumption rates at 25°C were observed in fish fed EP and MP at 184.3 mg O2 kg–1h–1 and 197.3 mg O2 kg–1h–1, respectively. These data are extremely valuable for the design of biofilters and development of effluent treatment technologies for land-based flounder farms.
참고문헌 (35)
- Beamish F, "Effects of dietary protein and lipid on nitrogen losses in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri", Aquaculture, 41, pp.359~371 (1984)
- Bengtson D, "Effects of water velocity on conditioning of summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus for net pens", J Appl Aquacult, 14, pp.133~142 (2003)
- Bergero D, "A description of ammonium content of output waters from trout farms in relation to stocking density and flow rates", Ecol Engineer, 17, pp.451~455 (2001)
- Bjørnsson B, "Effects of stocking density on growth rate of halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. reared in large circular tanks for three years", Aquaculture, 123, pp.259~270 (1994)
- Brown JAG, "Oxygen metabolism of farmed turbot Scophthalmus maximus. 1. The influence of fish size and water temperature on metabolic rate", Aquaculture, 36, pp.273~281 (1984)
- Burel C, "Effects of temperature on growth and metabolism in juvenile turbot", J Fish Biol, 49, pp.678~692 (1996)
- Cai YJ, "Effects of temperature and size on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in walleye", Aquaculture, 104, pp.127~138 (1992)
- Claireaux G, "Influence of temperature, oxygen and salinity on the metabolism of the European sea bass", Neth J Sea Res, 32, pp.135~152 (1999)
- Colt J, "Nitrogen toxicity to crustaceans, fish, and mollusks", Proceedings of the Bioengineering Symposium for the Fish Culture, pp.34~47 (1981), Fish Culture Section, American Fisheries Society
- Davenport J, "Appetite, gut transit, oxygen uptake and nitrogen excretion in captive Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus L., and lemon sole Microstomus kitt(Walbaum)", Aquaculture, 90, pp.267~277 (1990)
- Dosdat A, "Nitrogenenous excretion in juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. under controlled conditions", Aquacult Res, 26, pp.639~650 (1995)
- Dosdat A, "Comparison of nitrogenous losses in five teleost fish species", Aquaculture, 141, pp.107~127 (1996)
- Engin K, "Ammonia and urea excretion rates of juvenile Australian short-finned eel(Anguilla australis australis)as influenced by dietary protein level", Aquaculture, 194, pp.123~136 (2001)
- Finn RN, "Fuel and metabolic scaling during the early life stages of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua", Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 243, pp.217~234 (2002)
- Forsberg JA, "Effect of temperature on diel ammonia excretion of fingerling walleye", Aquaculture, 102, pp.115~126 (1992)
- Handy R, "Nitrogen pollution in mariculture : toxicity and excretion of nitrogenous compounds by marine fish", Rev Fish Biol Fish, 3, pp.205~241 (1993)
- Ip YK, "Postprandial increases in nitrogenous excretion and urea synthesis in the giant mudskipper Periophthalmodon schlosseri", J Exp Biol, 207, pp.3015~3023 (2004)
- Irwin S, "Stocking density, growth and growth variations in juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus(Rafinesque)", Aquaculture, 178, pp.77~88 (1999)
- Jobling M, "Some effects of temperature, feeding and body weight on nitrogenous excretion in young plaice Pleuronectes platessa L", J Fish Biol, 18, pp.87~96 (1981)
- Kikuchi K, "Effects of temperature on nitrogenous excretion of Japanese flounder", Fish Sci, 61, pp.604~607 (1995)
- Kikuchi K, "Effect of feeding on nitrogen excretion of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus", Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 57, pp.2059~2064 (1991)
- Lee J, "Effect of water temperature and post-feeding period on postprandial ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption by larval Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus fed rotifers Brachionus plicatilis", Turk J Fish Aquat Sci, 12, pp.253~258 (2012)
- Merino GE, "Diel rhythms of oxygen consumption rates of California halibut(Paralichthys californicus)under culture in a recirculating system", Aquacult Engineer, 45, pp.28~34 (2011)
- Merino GE, "Ammonia and urea excretion rates of California halibut(Paralichthys californicus, Ayres)under farm-like conditions", Aquaculture, 271, pp.227~243 (2007)
- Paul AJ, "Respiration of juvenile Pollock, Theragra chalcogramma(Pallas), relative to body size and temperature", J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 97, pp.287~293 (1986)
- Paulson LJ, "Models of ammonia excretion for brook trout(Salvelinus fontinalis)and rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri)", Can J Aquat Sci, 37, pp.1421~1425 (1980)
- Randall DJ, "Ammonia distribution and excretion in fish", Fish Physiol Biochem, 3, pp.107~120 (1987)
- Ruyet JP, "Effects of temperature on growth and metabolism in a Mediterranean population of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax", Aquaculture, 237, pp.269~280 (2004)
- Rychly J, "Nitrogen balance in trout. 2. Nitrogen excretion and retention after feeding diets with varying protein and carbohydrate levels", Aquaculture, 20, pp.343~350 (1980)
- Saunders RL, "Respiration of the Atlantic cod", J Fish Res Bd Can, 20, pp.373~386 (1963)
- Smutna M, "Pathobiochemistry of ammonia in the internal Environment of fish(Review)", Acta Vet Brno, 71, pp.169~181 (2002)
- Sun L, "Effects of ration and temperature on growth, fecal production, nitrogenous excretion and energy budget of juvenile cobia(Rachycentron canadum)", Aquaculture, 292, pp.197~206 (2009)
- Tanaka Y, "Kinetics of nitrogen excretion by cultured flounder Paralichthys olivaceus", J World Aqua Soc, 26, pp.188~193 (1995)
- Verbeeten B, "The combined effect of feeding time and ration on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism of greenback flounder", J Fish Biol, 55, pp.1328~1343 (1999)
- Wagner E, "Ammonia excretion by rainbow trout over a 24-hour period at two densities during oxygen injection", Progress Fish-Cult, 57, pp.199~205 (1995)