보은군 회남면에서 진행된 ‘두 번의 토지개혁’에 의한 농지 경영규모 변화에 관한 비교 연구

Abstract

This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of land-distributed peasants in Land reform in South Korea and land-alloted peasants in the Occupied Area in Hoenam-myeon, Boeun-gun. The data used in this work are the Land Register, the Repayment Ledger, the Distributed farmland Ledger prepared by South Korea, and the Land Contribution Certificate prepared by North Korea. The land ledger was used for information necessary to supplement these ledgers. The information of the first land-distributed peasants in Land reform in South Korea at the time of the land reform just before the Korean War is from the Repayment Ledger ('South Korea list 1'). The information of the final land-distributed peasants in Land reform in South Korea is from the Distributed farmland Ledger ('South Korea list 2'), In addition, the information of the land-alloted peasants in the Occupied Area is from the Land Contribution Certificate prepared by North Korea (‘North Korea list’) The findings of this paper can be summarized into two main categories. From individual land parcel analysis, we deduced that North Korea's land reform had a huge impact on the rural community in South Korea in that it was an attempt to redistribute the entire farmland, even if it was not realized. Second, in the process of changing the land ownership structure after the land reform, it was confirmed that the process of equalizing the scale of ownership and management was carried out regardless of the scale of ownership prior to the land reform after 'Two land reforms' in Hoenam-myeon. However, in the process, it was confirmed that a significant number of the landless farmers who were given farmland only in North Korea's land reform were later excluded from land ownership.