Comparison of the Nitrification Efficiencies of Three Biofilter Media in a Freshwater System
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal efficiencies of a sand filter (SF), polystyrene microbead filter (PF), and Kaldnes bead filter (KF) media were evaluated under ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g m^(-3) day^(-1). The volume of each filter media tested was 7 L, and the water flow rate for all filter media was 24 L/min. The specific surface areas of the SF, PF, and KF were 7,836, 3,287, and 500 m^2/m^3, respectively. Sand was fluidized and the other two media were trickle filtered. The volumetric TAN removal rate increased with increasing ammonia loading rate for all filter media. Mean volumetric TAN removal rates under the ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g m^(-3) day^(-1) in SF (39.3, 168.6, and 322.7 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively) were higher than those in PF (35.0, 157.4, and 310.5 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively) and KF (32.1, 142.5, and 288.1 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively). These results were related to differences in the specific surface areas of the filter media. PF was the most economic media for efficiently removing TAN.
Abstract
Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal efficiencies of a sand filter (SF), polystyrene microbead filter (PF), and Kaldnes bead filter (KF) media were evaluated under ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g m^(-3) day^(-1). The volume of each filter media tested was 7 L, and the water flow rate for all filter media was 24 L/min. The specific surface areas of the SF, PF, and KF were 7,836, 3,287, and 500 m^2/m^3, respectively. Sand was fluidized and the other two media were trickle filtered. The volumetric TAN removal rate increased with increasing ammonia loading rate for all filter media. Mean volumetric TAN removal rates under the ammonia loading rates of 5, 25, and 50 g m^(-3) day^(-1) in SF (39.3, 168.6, and 322.7 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively) were higher than those in PF (35.0, 157.4, and 310.5 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively) and KF (32.1, 142.5, and 288.1 g m^(-3) day^(-1), respectively). These results were related to differences in the specific surface areas of the filter media. PF was the most economic media for efficiently removing TAN.
참고문헌 (21)
- Al-Hafedh YS, "Performance of plastic biofilter media with different configuration in a water recirculation system for the culture of Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)", Aquac Eng, 29, pp.139~154 (2003)
- Eikebrokk B, "Design and performance of the BIOFISH water recirculation system", Aquac Eng, 9, pp.285~294 (1990)
- Eikebrokk B, "Recirculation technologies in Norwegian aquaculture", Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Recirculating Aquaculture, pp.129~137 (1998), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universiy
- Greiner AD, "Evaluation of the nitrification rates of microbead and trickling filters in an intensive recirculating tilapia production facility", Aquac Eng, 18, pp.189~200 (1998)
- Kamstra A, "Performance and optimization of trickling filters on eel farms", Aquac Eng, 17, pp.175~192 (1998)
- Lekang OI, "Efficiency of nitrification in trickling filters using different filter media", Aquac Eng, 21, pp.181~199 (2000)
- Losordo TM, "Recirculating Aquaculture Tank Production Systems:An Overview of Critical Considerations" (1998), Southern Regional Aquaculture Center
- Malone RF, "Use of floating bead filters to recondition recirculating waters in warmwater aquaculture production systems", Aquac Eng, 22, pp.57~73 (2000)
- Malone RF, "Rating fixed film nitrifying biofilters used in recirculating aquaculture systems", Aquac Eng, 34, pp.389~402 (2006)
- Masser MP, "Recirculating Aquaculture Tank Production Systems:Management of Recirculating Systems" (1999), Southern Regional Aquaculture Center
- Oh SY, "Nitrogen loading rate of Nile Tilapia and nitrification rate of rotating biological contactor", 박사, pp.2001
- Pfeiffer T, "Nitrification performance of a propeller-washed bead clarifier supporting fluidized sand biofilter in a recirculating warmwater fish systems", Aquac Eng, 34, pp.311~321 (2006)
- Ridha MT, "Effect of biofilter media on water quality and biological performance of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L.reared in a simple recirculating system", Aquac Eng, 24, pp.157~166 (2001)
- Rogers GL, "Ammonia removal in selected aquaculture water reuse biofilters", Aquac Eng, 4, pp.135~154 (1985)
- Rusten B, "Design and operation of the Kaldnes moving bed biofilm reactors", Aquac Eng, 34, pp.322~331 (2006)
- Shnel N, "Design and performance of a zero-discharge tilapia recirculating system", Aquac Eng, 26, pp.191~203 (2002)
- Summerfelt ST, "Design and management of conventional fluidized-sand biofilters", Aquac Eng, 34, pp.275~302 (2006)
- Summerfelt ST, "Design implication of carbon dioxide production within biofilters contained in recirculating salmonid culture systems", Aquac Eng, 32, pp.171~182 (2004)
- Timmons MB, "Application of microbead biological filters", Aquac Eng, 34, pp.332~343 (2006)
- Wheaton FW, "Nitrification filter principles. In Aquaculture Water Reuse Systems: Engineering Design and Management", pp.101~126 (1994), Elsevier
- Wheaton FW, "Nitrification filter design methods. In Aquaculture Water Reuse Systems: Engineering Design and Management", pp.127~171 (1994), Elsevier