Citric Acid에 의한 원료 멸치(Engraulis japonicus) pH가 발효초기 멸치 액젓의 히스타민 생성에 미치는 영향
Effect of Lowering the pH with Citric Acid on Histamine Formated in Salt-fermented Anchovy Engraulis japonicus Fish Sauce During the Initial Fermentation Stage
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초록
This study was conducted to inhibit histamine formation in salt-fermented anchovy Engraulis japonicus fish sauce, by lowering the pH using 1% citric acid as food additive during the initial fermentation stage. The fish sauce samples were prepared with fresh anchovies used immediately after being caught (F), and left at ambient temperature for 4 h, and 24 h with 25% salt, 1% citric acid, and without citric acid for a 6-month fermentation period. The content of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and glutamic acid in fish sauce was unaffected by the addition of citric acid during the fermentation period. The histamine content of F and 4 h samples were 20.5–30.6 and 77.4–119.3 mg/kg, respectively. The histamine content of F and 4 h samples with 1% citric acid was 4.1–8.7 and 50.4–56.1 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, addition of citric acid did not inhibit histamine formation in 24 h sample that had lower freshness quality. Additionally, effective inhibition of histamine is observed during manufacturing of salt-fermented anchovy fish sauce on an industrial scale, suggesting that lowering the initial pH using 1% citric acid does not alter the taste and flavor of the fish sauce.
Abstract
This study was conducted to inhibit histamine formation in salt-fermented anchovy Engraulis japonicus fish sauce, by lowering the pH using 1% citric acid as food additive during the initial fermentation stage. The fish sauce samples were prepared with fresh anchovies used immediately after being caught (F), and left at ambient temperature for 4 h, and 24 h with 25% salt, 1% citric acid, and without citric acid for a 6-month fermentation period. The content of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and glutamic acid in fish sauce was unaffected by the addition of citric acid during the fermentation period. The histamine content of F and 4 h samples were 20.5–30.6 and 77.4–119.3 mg/kg, respectively. The histamine content of F and 4 h samples with 1% citric acid was 4.1–8.7 and 50.4–56.1 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, addition of citric acid did not inhibit histamine formation in 24 h sample that had lower freshness quality. Additionally, effective inhibition of histamine is observed during manufacturing of salt-fermented anchovy fish sauce on an industrial scale, suggesting that lowering the initial pH using 1% citric acid does not alter the taste and flavor of the fish sauce.
참고문헌 (20)
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