Water physicochemical properties and biodiversity status of two wetlands in central Ethiopia: a management implication for wetlands biodiversity
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Wetlands host diverse biological entities. However, these ecosystems, particularly floodplain wetlands have been critically degraded and affected the diversity therein. Therefore, this study was intended to examine macroinvertebrates and fish diversity along with water quality assessments of Burana Natural Wetland (BNW) and Totosie Semi-Artificial Wetland (TSAW). Water samples were collected along different depth profiles. Macroinvertebrates were collected using a kick sampling method. Fish were sampled using gillnets, having stretched mesh sizes of 4 to 10 cm. A total of 5,307 macroinvertebrates belonging to 24 families were collected. Similarly, 192 specimens of fish were collected and identified into three species. The order Asellidae, Corixidae, and Chironomidae were most dominant in BNW, whereas Baetidae, philopotamidae, and Physidae were dominant in TSAW. Some water quality parameters were measured in-situ and found water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and electrical conductivity were 20.43℃, 8.25, 7.64 mg/L, and 110.80 ‘μS/cm, respectively in BNW. Similarly, the average values of these parameters were measured in TSAW. This indicates that TSAW has relatively good quality. The ex-situ water quality assessment revealed a similar pattern and lower at TSAW. Fertilizers and intrusion of cattle and urban wastes from the catchment areas of these wetlands contributed to higher concentrations of NO3-N and SRP compared to international standards set for freshwater. Other anthropogenic activities like grazing, irrigation activities, and wetland conversion into other land uses also contributed to the water quality deterioration and biodiversity loss. Therefore, appropriate and community-oriented restoration strategies should be designed to rehabilitate the present and remaining wetlands to ensure their sustainable productivity.
Abstract
Wetlands host diverse biological entities. However, these ecosystems, particularly floodplain wetlands have been critically degraded and affected the diversity therein. Therefore, this study was intended to examine macroinvertebrates and fish diversity along with water quality assessments of Burana Natural Wetland (BNW) and Totosie Semi-Artificial Wetland (TSAW). Water samples were collected along different depth profiles. Macroinvertebrates were collected using a kick sampling method. Fish were sampled using gillnets, having stretched mesh sizes of 4 to 10 cm. A total of 5,307 macroinvertebrates belonging to 24 families were collected. Similarly, 192 specimens of fish were collected and identified into three species. The order Asellidae, Corixidae, and Chironomidae were most dominant in BNW, whereas Baetidae, philopotamidae, and Physidae were dominant in TSAW. Some water quality parameters were measured in-situ and found water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and electrical conductivity were 20.43℃, 8.25, 7.64 mg/L, and 110.80 ‘μS/cm, respectively in BNW. Similarly, the average values of these parameters were measured in TSAW. This indicates that TSAW has relatively good quality. The ex-situ water quality assessment revealed a similar pattern and lower at TSAW. Fertilizers and intrusion of cattle and urban wastes from the catchment areas of these wetlands contributed to higher concentrations of NO3-N and SRP compared to international standards set for freshwater. Other anthropogenic activities like grazing, irrigation activities, and wetland conversion into other land uses also contributed to the water quality deterioration and biodiversity loss. Therefore, appropriate and community-oriented restoration strategies should be designed to rehabilitate the present and remaining wetlands to ensure their sustainable productivity.