Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors with Liver Metastases in Korea: A Clinicopathological Analysis of 72 Cases in a Single Institute
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Purpose Management of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases(NETLM) presents many clinical challenges. Assessment of the extent of disease and primarytumor site is crucial for management. In this study, we investigated the primary tumor sitesand prognostic factors in GEP NETLM among Korean patients. Materials and MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 72 Korean patients diagnosed with GEP NETLMbetween January 1999 and May 2013, focusing on their clinical and pathologic characteristics. ResultsThe most frequently encountered primary tumor sites were the pancreas (n=25, 35%), stomach(n=8, 11%), gall bladder (n=4, 6%) and rectum (n=3, 4%). Twenty-five patients (35%)had occult primary tumor. Twelve patients (17%) had histological grade G1 tumors, 30patients (42%) had G2 tumors, and 30 patients (42%) had G3 tumors. The mean follow-upperiod after histological confirmation of hepatic metastases was 11.30±2.44 months forG3 tumors, 19.67±4.09 months for G2 tumors, and 30.67±6.51 months for G1 tumors. Multivariate analyses revealed that an unknown primary tumor site (p=0.001) and higherhistological grade (p < 0.001) were independent prognostic indicators for shorter overallsurvival (OS). Most long-term survivors (OS > 24 months) had received antitumor treatment. ConclusionThe primary tumor site most frequently associated with GEP NETLM was the pancreas. Unknown primary tumor and higher histological grade were independent prognostic indicatorsfor shorter OS. Patients identified as being at a risk of shorter OS should be followedup closely.
Abstract
Purpose Management of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases(NETLM) presents many clinical challenges. Assessment of the extent of disease and primarytumor site is crucial for management. In this study, we investigated the primary tumor sitesand prognostic factors in GEP NETLM among Korean patients. Materials and MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 72 Korean patients diagnosed with GEP NETLMbetween January 1999 and May 2013, focusing on their clinical and pathologic characteristics. ResultsThe most frequently encountered primary tumor sites were the pancreas (n=25, 35%), stomach(n=8, 11%), gall bladder (n=4, 6%) and rectum (n=3, 4%). Twenty-five patients (35%)had occult primary tumor. Twelve patients (17%) had histological grade G1 tumors, 30patients (42%) had G2 tumors, and 30 patients (42%) had G3 tumors. The mean follow-upperiod after histological confirmation of hepatic metastases was 11.30±2.44 months forG3 tumors, 19.67±4.09 months for G2 tumors, and 30.67±6.51 months for G1 tumors. Multivariate analyses revealed that an unknown primary tumor site (p=0.001) and higherhistological grade (p < 0.001) were independent prognostic indicators for shorter overallsurvival (OS). Most long-term survivors (OS > 24 months) had received antitumor treatment. ConclusionThe primary tumor site most frequently associated with GEP NETLM was the pancreas. Unknown primary tumor and higher histological grade were independent prognostic indicatorsfor shorter OS. Patients identified as being at a risk of shorter OS should be followedup closely.
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