Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Status in the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Lessons Learned
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Advances in oncology research have led to identification of tumor-specific biomarkers, someof which are important predictive indicators and ideal targets for novel therapeutics. Onesuch biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). Patients with NSCLC who harbor an activating EGFR mutation show a morefavorable response to treatment with an EGFR inhibitor, such as gefitinib, erlotinib, or afatinib,than to chemotherapy. The prevalence of EGFR mutations in East Asian patients ishigher than that in other populations, and in some clinical settings, patients have beentreated with EGFR inhibitors based on clinicopathologic characteristics with no informationon EGFR status. However, based on results from a series of studies in which East Asianpatients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC were treated with EGFR inhibitors alone orin combination with standard chemotherapy, this may not be the best practice becauseEGFRmutation status was found to be a key predictor of outcome. Data from these studieshighlight the necessity of EGFR testing in determining the most suitable treatment forpatients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
Abstract
Advances in oncology research have led to identification of tumor-specific biomarkers, someof which are important predictive indicators and ideal targets for novel therapeutics. Onesuch biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). Patients with NSCLC who harbor an activating EGFR mutation show a morefavorable response to treatment with an EGFR inhibitor, such as gefitinib, erlotinib, or afatinib,than to chemotherapy. The prevalence of EGFR mutations in East Asian patients ishigher than that in other populations, and in some clinical settings, patients have beentreated with EGFR inhibitors based on clinicopathologic characteristics with no informationon EGFR status. However, based on results from a series of studies in which East Asianpatients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC were treated with EGFR inhibitors alone orin combination with standard chemotherapy, this may not be the best practice becauseEGFRmutation status was found to be a key predictor of outcome. Data from these studieshighlight the necessity of EGFR testing in determining the most suitable treatment forpatients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
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