본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

An in vitro evaluation of the accuracy of four electronic apex locators using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium hand files

Paras Mull Gehlot|Vinutha Manjunath|Mysore Krishnaswamy Manjunath
대한치과보존학회 (Korean Academy Of Conservative Dentistry)|2016.02|Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics|제41권 제1호|pp. 6-11

1

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

Root ZXElectronic apex locatorElements Apex locatorMini Apex LocatorNiTi hand filesPropex pixi
주제분류치의학

초록

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of working length (WL) determination of four electronic apex locators (EALs), namely, Root ZX (RZX), Elements diagnostic unit and apex locator (ELE), SybronEndo Mini Apex locator (MINI) and Propex pixi (PIXI) using Stainless steel (SS) and nickel-titanium (NiTi) hand files. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference between canal length determination by SS and NiTi files of 4 EALs. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted, single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canal orifice flared. The actual length (AL) was assessed visually, and the teeth were embedded in an alginate model. The electronic length (EL) measurements were recorded with all four EALs using SS and NiTi files at ‘0.5’ reading on display. The differences between the AL and EL were compared. Results: The results obtained with each EAL with SS and NiTi files were compared with AL. A paired sample t test showed that there was a statistical significant difference between EAL readings with SS and NiTi files for RZX and MINI (p < 0.05). The accuracy of RZX, ELE, MINI and PIXI within ± 0.5 mm of AL with SS/ NiTi files were 93.3%/70%, 90%/91.7%, 95%/68.3%, and 83.3%/83.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Root ZX was statistically more accurate with NiTi files compared to SS files, while MINI was statistically more accurate with SS files compared to NiTi files. ELE and PIXI were not affected by the alloy type of the file used to determine WL.

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of working length (WL) determination of four electronic apex locators (EALs), namely, Root ZX (RZX), Elements diagnostic unit and apex locator (ELE), SybronEndo Mini Apex locator (MINI) and Propex pixi (PIXI) using Stainless steel (SS) and nickel-titanium (NiTi) hand files. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference between canal length determination by SS and NiTi files of 4 EALs. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted, single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canal orifice flared. The actual length (AL) was assessed visually, and the teeth were embedded in an alginate model. The electronic length (EL) measurements were recorded with all four EALs using SS and NiTi files at ‘0.5’ reading on display. The differences between the AL and EL were compared. Results: The results obtained with each EAL with SS and NiTi files were compared with AL. A paired sample t test showed that there was a statistical significant difference between EAL readings with SS and NiTi files for RZX and MINI (p < 0.05). The accuracy of RZX, ELE, MINI and PIXI within ± 0.5 mm of AL with SS/ NiTi files were 93.3%/70%, 90%/91.7%, 95%/68.3%, and 83.3%/83.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that Root ZX was statistically more accurate with NiTi files compared to SS files, while MINI was statistically more accurate with SS files compared to NiTi files. ELE and PIXI were not affected by the alloy type of the file used to determine WL.

참고문헌 (40)

  1. Ingle JI, "Endodontics", pp.510~525 (2002), BC Decker Inc
  2. Kim E, "Electronic apex locator", Dent Clin North Am, 48, pp.35~54 (2004)
  3. Sunada I., "New method for measuring the length of the root canal", J Dent Res, 41, pp.375~387 (1962)
  4. Nekoofar MH, "The fundamental operating principles of electronic root canal length measurement devices", Int Endod J, 39, pp.595~609 (2006)
  5. Kobayashi C, "New electronic canal measuring device based on the ratio method", J Endod, 20, pp.111~114 (1994)
  6. Gordon MP, "Electronic apex locators", Int Endod J, 37, pp.425~437 (2004)
  7. "Accuracy of a new apex locator in ex-vivo teeth using scanning electron microscopy" (2014)[URL]
  8. "Propex pixi apex locator (User manual)" (2015)[URL]
  9. Thomas AS, "The accuracy of the Root ZX electronic apex locator using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium files", J Endod, 29, pp.662~663 (2003)
  10. Siu C, "An in vivo comparison of the Root ZX II, the Apex NRG XFR, and Mini Apex Locator by using rotary nickel-titanium files", J Endod, 35, pp.962~965 (2009)
  11. Higa RA, "Distance from file tip to the major apical foramen in relation to the numeric meter reading on the display of three different electronic apex locators", Int Endod J, 42, pp.1065~1070 (2009)
  12. Huang L., "An experimental study of the principle of electronic root canal measurement", J Endod, 13, pp.60~64 (1987)
  13. Pilot TF, "Determination of impedance changes at varying frequencies in relation to root canal file position and irrigant", J Endod, 23, pp.719~724 (1997)
  14. Kuttler Y., "Microscopic investigation of root apexes", J Am Dent Assoc, 50, pp.544~552 (1955)
  15. Guise GM, "In vitro comparison of three electronic apex locators", J Endod, 36, pp.279~281 (2010)
  16. D’Assunção FL, "The accuracy of root canal measurements using the Mini Apex Locator and Root ZX-II: An evaluation in vitro", Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 104, pp.e50~e53 (2007)
  17. Plotino G, "Ex vivo accuracy of three electronic apex locators: Root ZX, Elements Diagnostic Unit and Apex Locator and ProPex", Int Endod J, 39, pp.408~414 (2006)
  18. Ebrahim AK, "The effects of file size, sodium hypochlorite and blood on the accuracy of Root ZX apex locator in enlarged root canals: an in vitro study", Aust Dent J, 51, pp.153~157 (2006)
  19. ElAyouti A, "A simple mounting model for consistent determination of the accuracy and repeatability of apex locators", Int Endod J, 39, pp.108~112 (2006)
  20. Ounsi HF, "In vitro evaluation of the reliability of the Root ZX electronic apex locator", Int Endod J, 32, pp.120~123 (1999)
  21. Barthelemy J, "Accuracy of electronic apex locater-controlled handpieces", Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 107, pp.437~441 (2009)
  22. Altenburger MJ, "Combination of apex locator and endodontic motor for continuous length control during root canal treatment", Int Endod J, 42, pp.368~374 (2009)
  23. Sadeghi S, "The accuracy of the Raypex5electronic apex locator using stainless-steel hand K-file versus nickel-titanium rotary Mtwo file", Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 15, pp.e788~e790 (2010)
  24. Walia HM, "An initial investigation of the bending and torsional properties of Nitinol root canal files", J Endod, 14, pp.346~351 (1988)
  25. Thompson SA., "An overview of nickel–titanium alloys used in dentistry", Int Endod J, 33, pp.297~310 (2000)
  26. Bergmans L, "Mechanical root canal preparation with NiTi rotary instruments: rationale, performance and safety. Status report for the American Journal of Dentistry", Am J Dent, 14, pp.324~333 (2001)
  27. Goldberg F, "In vitro evaluation of the ability of three apex locators to determine the working length during retreatment", J Endod, 31, pp.676~678 (2005)
  28. Weiger R, "An in vitro comparison of two modern apex locators", J Endod, 25, pp.765~768 (1999)
  29. D’Assunção FL, "Ex vivo evaluation of the accuracy and coefficient of repeatability of three electronic apex locators using a simple mounting model: a preliminary report", Int Endod J, 43, pp.269~274 (2010)
  30. Mull JP, "Comparison of accuracy of two electronic apex locators in the presence of various irrigants: an in vitro study", J Conserv Dent, 15, pp.178~182 (2012)
  31. Stöber EK, "Evaluation of the Raypex 5and the Mini Apex Locator: an in vivo study", J Endod, 37, pp.1349~1352 (2011)
  32. Nekoofar MH, "The accuracy of the Neosono Ultima EZ apex locator using files of different alloys: an in vitro study", J Calif Dent Assoc, 30, pp.681~684 (2002)
  33. "Properties table of Stainless steel, Metals and other Conductive materials" (2015)[URL]
  34. Lee SJ, "Clinical accuracy of a new apex locator with an automatic compensation circuit", J Endod, 28, pp.706~709 (2002)
  35. Jung IY, "Comparison of the reliability of “0.5” and “APEX” mark measurements in two frequency-based electronic apex locators", J Endod, 37, pp.49~52 (2011)
  36. Hör D, "Ex vivo comparison of two electronic apex locators with different scales and frequencies", Int Endod J, 38, pp.38~855 (2005)
  37. Venturi M, "A comparison between two electronic apex locators: an ex vivo investigation", Int Endod J, 40, pp.362~373 (2007)
  38. Meredith N, "Electrical impedance measurements of root canal length", Endod Dent Traumatol, 13, pp.126~131 (1997)
  39. 김필종, "Evaluation of electrical impedance ratio measurements in accuracy of electronic apex locators", Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, 40(2), pp.113~122 (2015), 대한치과보존학회
  40. Shen Y, "Current challenges and concepts of the thermomechanical treatment of nickel-titanium instruments", J Endod, 39, pp.163~172 (2013)

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (12건)

Comparison of canal transportation in simulated curved canals prepared with ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Gold systemsEmmanuel Joao Nogueira Leal Silva, Brenda Leite Muniz, Frederico Pires, Felipe Goncalves Belladonna, Aline Almeida Neves, Erick Miranda Souza, Gustavo De-Deuspp. 1-5Effect of acidic solutions on the microhardness of dentin and set OrthoMTA and their cytotoxicity on murine macrophage임상민, Hiran Perinpanayagam, 장석우, 금기연, 오소람, Jae-Won Kum, 손원준, 이우철, 백승호, 이윤, 유연지pp. 12-21Quality of root canal fillings using three gutta-percha obturation techniquesEdith Siu Shan Ho, Jeffrey Wen Wei Chang, Gary Shun Pan Cheungpp. 22-28Evaluation of reparative dentin formation of ProRoot MTA, Biodentine and BioAggregate using micro-CT and immunohistochemistry황윤찬, 장훈상, 오원만, 황인남, 고정태, 김선헌, 민경산, 김지아, 송영상, 이빈나pp. 29-36Marginal and internal fit of nano-composite CAD/CAM restorations신유진, 박소현, 조병훈, 백승호, 유연지pp. 37-43
원문 보기