Double blind randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of ketoprofen patch to attenuate pain during venous cannulation
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: Venipuncture pain is an uncomfortable suffering to the patient. It creates anxiety, fear and dissatisfaction. The ketoprofen transdermal patch is a proven treatment for musculoskeletal and arthritic pain. We planned this study to evaluate the efficacy of the ketoprofen patch to reduce venipuncture pain.Methods: Two hundred adult patients, aged 18–60 years, of either sex, ASA grade I or II, were enrolled. Presuming that therapy would decrease venipuncture pain by 30%, a power calculation with = 0.05 and = 0.80 required enrollment of at least 24 patients into each group. However, 100 patients in each group were recruited. Group I (Control) received a placebo patch; Group II (Ketoprofen) received a 20 mg ketoprofen patch. A selected vein on the dorsum of the patient’s non-dominant hand was cannulated with 18 g intravenous cannula 1 h after the application of the respective patch. Assessment of pain was done by a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0–10, where 0 depicts “no pain” and 10 is “the worst imaginable pain”. The venipuncture site was assessed for the presence of skin erythema, swelling and rashes at 12 h, 24 h and at the time of decannulation. Results: Incidence of pain was 100% (94/94) in the control group as compared to 93% (85/91) in the ketoprofen group. The severity of the venipuncture pain was 6 (2) and 2 (2) for control and ketoprofen groups respectively (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions: Application of a ketoprofen patch at the proposed site of venipuncture one hour before the attempt is effective and safe for attenuating venipuncture pain. (Korean J Pain 2018; 31: 39-42)
Abstract
Background: Venipuncture pain is an uncomfortable suffering to the patient. It creates anxiety, fear and dissatisfaction. The ketoprofen transdermal patch is a proven treatment for musculoskeletal and arthritic pain. We planned this study to evaluate the efficacy of the ketoprofen patch to reduce venipuncture pain.Methods: Two hundred adult patients, aged 18–60 years, of either sex, ASA grade I or II, were enrolled. Presuming that therapy would decrease venipuncture pain by 30%, a power calculation with = 0.05 and = 0.80 required enrollment of at least 24 patients into each group. However, 100 patients in each group were recruited. Group I (Control) received a placebo patch; Group II (Ketoprofen) received a 20 mg ketoprofen patch. A selected vein on the dorsum of the patient’s non-dominant hand was cannulated with 18 g intravenous cannula 1 h after the application of the respective patch. Assessment of pain was done by a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0–10, where 0 depicts “no pain” and 10 is “the worst imaginable pain”. The venipuncture site was assessed for the presence of skin erythema, swelling and rashes at 12 h, 24 h and at the time of decannulation. Results: Incidence of pain was 100% (94/94) in the control group as compared to 93% (85/91) in the ketoprofen group. The severity of the venipuncture pain was 6 (2) and 2 (2) for control and ketoprofen groups respectively (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions: Application of a ketoprofen patch at the proposed site of venipuncture one hour before the attempt is effective and safe for attenuating venipuncture pain. (Korean J Pain 2018; 31: 39-42)
참고문헌 (13)
- Keane TK, "Non-drug related asystole associated with anaesthetic induction", Anaesthesia, 46, pp.38~39 (1991)[DOI]
- Hart PS, "Needle phobia and malignant vasovagal syndrome", Anaesthesia, 53, pp.1002~1004 (1998)[DOI]
- Lal MK, "Comparison of EMLA cream versus placebo in children receiving distraction therapy for venepuncture", Acta Paediatr, 90, pp.154~159 (2001)[DOI]
- Agarwal A, "Transdermal diclofenac patch vs eutectic mixture of local anesthetics for venous cannulation pain", Can J Anaesth, 54, pp.196~200 (2007)[DOI]
- Smith AJ, "Topical ibuprofen for skin analgesia prior to venepuncture", Anaesthesia, 51, pp.495~497 (1996)[DOI]
- Agarwal A, "Comparative evaluation of myolaxin and EMLA cream for attenuation of venous cannulation pain: a prospective, randomised, double blind study", Anaesth Intensive Care, 35, pp.726~729 (2007)
- Usichenko TI, "Reducing venipuncture pain by a cough trick: a randomized crossover volunteer study", Anesth Analg, 98, pp.343~345 (2004)
- Agarwal A, "Evaluating the efficacy of the valsalva maneuver on venous cannulation pain: a prospective, randomized study", Anesth Analg, 101, pp.1230~1232 (2005)[DOI]
- 박휴정, "Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Pain", The Korean Journal of Pain, 23(2), pp.99~108 (2010), 대한통증학회
- Tripathi KD, "Essentials of medical pharmacology", pp.192~193 (2008), Jaypee Brothers
- Massey T, "Topical NSAIDs for acute pain in adults", Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2010)
- Komatsu T, "Comparison of the efficacy and skin permeability of topical NSAID preparations used in Europe", Eur J Pharm Sci, 47, pp.890~895 (2012)[DOI]
- Adachi H, "Physical characteristics, pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy of the ketoprofen patch: a new patch formulation", Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 15, pp.823~830 (2011)