The measured contribution of whipping and springing on the fatigue and extreme loading of container vessels
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Whipping/springing research started in the 50’ies. In the 60’ies inland water vessels design rules becamestricter due to whipping/springing. The research during the 70-90’ies may be regarded as academic. In 2000 a large orecarrier was strengthened due to severe cracking from North Atlantic operation, and whipping/springing contributed tohalf of the fatigue damage. Measurement campaigns on blunt and slender vessels were initiated. A few blunt ships weredesigned to account for whipping/springing. Based on the measurements, the focus shifted from fatigue to extremeloading. In 2005 model tests of a 4,400 TEU container vessel included extreme whipping scenarios. In 2007 the 4400TEU vessel MSC Napoli broke in two under similar conditions. In 2009 model tests of an 8,600 TEU container vesselcontainer vessel included extreme whipping scenarios. In 2013 the 8,100 TEU vessel MOL COMFORT broke in twounder similar conditions. Several classification societies have published voluntary guidelines, which have been used toinclude whipping/springing in the design of several container vessels. This paper covers results from model tests andfull scale measurements used as background for the DNV Legacy guideline. Uncertainties are discussed and recommendationsare given in order to obtain useful data. Whipping/springing is no longer academic
Abstract
Whipping/springing research started in the 50’ies. In the 60’ies inland water vessels design rules becamestricter due to whipping/springing. The research during the 70-90’ies may be regarded as academic. In 2000 a large orecarrier was strengthened due to severe cracking from North Atlantic operation, and whipping/springing contributed tohalf of the fatigue damage. Measurement campaigns on blunt and slender vessels were initiated. A few blunt ships weredesigned to account for whipping/springing. Based on the measurements, the focus shifted from fatigue to extremeloading. In 2005 model tests of a 4,400 TEU container vessel included extreme whipping scenarios. In 2007 the 4400TEU vessel MSC Napoli broke in two under similar conditions. In 2009 model tests of an 8,600 TEU container vesselcontainer vessel included extreme whipping scenarios. In 2013 the 8,100 TEU vessel MOL COMFORT broke in twounder similar conditions. Several classification societies have published voluntary guidelines, which have been used toinclude whipping/springing in the design of several container vessels. This paper covers results from model tests andfull scale measurements used as background for the DNV Legacy guideline. Uncertainties are discussed and recommendationsare given in order to obtain useful data. Whipping/springing is no longer academic
참고문헌 (32)
- ABS, "Guidance notes on whipping assessment for container carriers" (2010), ABS
- Containership in rough sea, "Berge, B. O.", Marintek, ~, pp.Marintek report 601931.00.001 (1931)
- BV, "Whipping and springing assessment, Rule note NR583DTR00E", BV, ~ (2012)
- Fatigue strength and ultimate capacity check of container vessels including the effect of springing and whipping, "DNV", Det Norske Veritas, ~, pp.DNV classification note No. 30.12 (2013)
- DNV, "Rules for ships, Pt. 5 Ch. 2 Sec. 6 Container carriers", DNV GL, ~ (2014)
- DNV, "Rules for ships, Pt. 3 Ch. 1 Sec. 5 Longitudinal strength", DNV GL, ~ (2014)
- DNV, "Rules for ships, Pt. 6 Ch. 11 Hull monitoring systems", DNV GL, ~ (2014)
- Dudson, E., "Determination of wave bending loads on a 40 knot, long slender open topped containership through model tests and hydrodynamic calculations with particular reference to the effects of hull flexibility on fatigue life", Proceedings FAST, RINA, pp.177~190 (2001)
- Drummen, I., "Experimental and numerical investigation of nonlinear wave-induced load effects in containerships considering hydroelasticity", NTNU, ~ (2008)
- Forestier, J.M., "D20-D21-D22 – Hull structure monitoring system and VDR. European maritime data management (EMDM). EU-project, EMDM D20-D21-D22 Final 07_12_09 V8", University of Southampton, ~ (2009)
- Fricke, W., "Experimental investigation on fatigue damage of ship structures Caused by Whipping Stresses", Proceedings of the PRADS2013, pp.465~470 (2013)
- GL, "Guidelines to assess high-frequency hull girder response of container ships, Rules for classification and construction, rules V analysis techniques, Part 1 Hull structural analysis", GL, ~ (2013)
- Heggelund, S. E., "Full scale measurements of fatigue and extreme loading including whipping on an 8600TEU Post Panamax Container vessel in Asia to Europe trade", OMAE, ASME (2011)
- Hong, S. Y., "Experimental study on torsion springing and whipping of a large container ship", Proceedings of ISOPE-2011, pp.486~494 (2011)
- IACS, "Standart wave data, IACS Rec. no. 034", IACS Limited, ~ (2001)
- IACS, "Longitudinal strength standard, unified requirements concerning strength of ships S11, Rev. 7. 2010", IACS Limited, ~ (2010)
- Interim report of committee on large container ship safety (English Excerpted Version), "Japan", Issued by Committee on Large Container Ship Safety, 1~12 (2013)
- Kahl, A., "Whipping investigations based on large-scale measurements and experimental fatigue testing", ISOPE, The 24th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, pp.TPC-0382~ (2014)
- Report on the investigation of the structural failure of MSC Napoli, English channel on 18 January 2007, marine accident investigation branch (MAIB), "MAIB", MAIB, ~, pp.Report no. 9 (2008), 2008
- Moe, E., "Full scale measurements of the wave induced hull girder vibrations of an ore carrier trading in the North Atlantic", RINA, International Conference, Design and Operation of bulk carriers, pp.57~85 (2005)
- Pastoor, L. W., "On the assessment of nonlinear ship motions and loads", 박사, pp.2002
- Renaud, M., "Fatigue and weather on ultra large containerships", Proceedings of the PRADS2013, pp.384~394 (2013)
- Storhaug, G., "Experimental investigation of wave induced vibrations and their effect on the fatigue loading of ships", 박사, pp.2007
- Storhaug, G., "Measurements of wave induced vibrations onboard a large container vessel operating in harsh environment", Proceedings of PRADS, pp.64~72 (2007)
- Storhaug, G., "Whipping measurements onboard a midsize container vessel operating in the North Atlantic", Proceedings of RINA, CMP & Shanghai SNAME, International Symposium on Ship Design & Construction, pp.55~70 (2007)
- Storhaug, G., "Consequence of whipping and springing on fatigue for a 8600TEU container vessel in different trades based on model tests", Proceedings of PRADS, pp.1180~1189 (2010)
- Storhaug, G., "Consequence of whipping and springing on fatigue and extreme loading for a 13000TEU container vessel based on model tests", Proceedings of PRADS-2010, COPPE, 2010, 1200~1209
- Storhaug, G., "Effect of whipping on fatigue and extreme loading of a 13000TEU container vessel in bow quartering seas based on model tests", Proceedings of ASME conference OMAE (2011)
- Storhaug, G., "The effect of heading on springing and whipping induced fatigue damage measured on container vessels", The 6th International Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, pp.299~310 (2012)
- Storhaug, G., "Which sea states are dimensioning for container vessels when whipping is included?", Proceedings of the ASME 2014 OMAE conference (2014)
- Andersen, I. M. V., "Full scale measurements of the hydro-elastic response of large container ships for decision support", 박사, pp.2014
- Zhu, S., "Investigation of wave-induced nonlinear load effects in open ships considering hull girder vibrations in bending and torsion", 박사, pp.2012