건강신념모형에 기반한 간접흡연 노출시 담배를 꺼달라고 요청하는 대학생의 주장행위 관련요인
The Health Belief Model and Assertive Behavior of Asking Smokers Not to Smoke among College Students
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연구배경: 본 연구의 목적은 건강신념모형을 근간으로대학생이 간접흡연에 노출되었을 때 흡연자에게 담배를꺼달라고 요청하는 주장행위에 관련하는 요인을 규명하기위함이다. 방법: 연구 참여자는 서울시와 경기도 지역 2개 대학교에 재학중인 대학생 중 편의표출한 2,061명이었다. 간접흡연 노출 시 흡연자에게 담배를 꺼달라고 요청하는 주장행위는 5점 리커트 척도로 점수화하였다. 간접흡연 주장행위관련 독립요인을 규명하기 위하여 주장행위(이항변수; 주장적=1, 비주장적=0)를 결과변수로 하여 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 결과: 주장행위 평균은 2.2점(1-5점 범위)이었고, 전체연구 참여자 중 간접흡연에 노출되었을 때 ‘전혀 주장하지않는다’라고 응답한 학생이 39.1%였으며, 항상 주장한다고 응답한 학생이 4.2%였다. 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 건강신념모형관련 요인 중 높은 수준의 지각된 심각성(odds ratio, OR 2.04, P<0.001)과 지각된 장애성(OR 1.72,P<0.001)은 주장행위와 통계적으로 유의한 관련이 있었으나, 지각된 민감성과 행동계기는 통계적으로 유의한 관련이 없었다. 결론: 건강신념모형의 지각된 심각성과 장애성은 대학생의 간접흡연 노출 시 주장행위와 유의하게 관련됨을 알수 있었다. 위의 건강신념 구성요소를 개선시키는 것은 결국 대학생이 흡연자에게 담배를 꺼달라고 요청하는 주장행위를 강화시키는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Background: The present study was to apply the Health Belief Model (HBM) to identify factors associated with an assertive behavior of asking smokers not to smoke among college students in Korea when they were exposed to secondhand smoke. Methods: Data were collected from college students (n=2,061, 66.5% females) at two universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. A main outcome measure was the assertive behavior. HBM factors including perceived susceptibility to illness, perceived severity of illness, perceived barrier to the assertive behavior, and cues to action were self-administrated. Results: The mean of the assertive behavior (range 1-5 points) was 2.20 points with 39.1% never being assertive and 4.2% always being assertive. Based on results of a multiple logistic regression analysis, high levels of perceived severity (odds ratio, OR 2.04, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.40-2.97) and perceived barrier (OR 1.72,95% CI 1.41-2.08) were significantly associated with the assertive behavior, while perceived susceptibility and cues to action were not. Conclusions: Perceived severity and perceived barrier of the HBM model were significant factors associated with the assertive behavior among college students. Modifying these factors may lead to enhancing the assertive behavior of asking smokers not to smoke when college students were exposed to secondhand smoke.
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