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국내 중년 여성의 골(骨) 건강관련 지식, 자기효능감 및 건강행위

Bone Health Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Behaviors in Middle-Aged Korean Women

이정은|오의금|유재용|추상희|고일선
대한임상건강증진학회 (Korean Society For Health Promotion And Disease Prevention)|2012.06|Korean Journal of Health Promotion|제12권 제2호|pp. 90-99|DOI http://dx.doi.org/

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자기효능감지식KnowledgeHealthHealth behaviorWomen여성건강Self efficacy건강행위중년BoneMiddle aged골
주제분류기타자연과학

초록

연구배경: 최근 고령 인구가 빠르게 증가함에 따라, 골다공증은 국내 중년 이후 여성의 건강을 위협하는 주요 문제로 대두되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 골다공증의 예방 및관리를 위하여 중년 여성들의 골 건강상태와 골 건강을 위한 지식, 자기효능감 및 건강행위의 수준 등을 파악하는것이다. 방법: 본 연구는 횡단적 서술조사 연구로, 국내 일 지역의 보건진료소에 등록된 만 40세 이상의 중년 여성 150명을 대상을 임의로 선정하여 실시하였다. 골밀도는 이중 골밀도 X선 흡수법으로 DEXXUM T기기를 이용하여 측정하였으며, 자가기입식 설문지를 활용하여 인구사회학적특성, 골 건강관련 지식, 자기효능감 및 골 건강행위를 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 Statistical Package for the Social Science 15.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 연구대상자 150명의 평균 연령은 59.8세로, 74.0%가 폐경 상태였다. 골밀도 측정 결과, 좌측 대퇴골 경부를기준으로 대상자의 22.7%가 골다공증, 42.0%가 골감소증으로 나타났다. 골 건강관련 지식의 평균 점수는 10.35점으로 낮았고, 자기효능감 수준은 47.67점으로 중간수준이었다. 골 건강행위 수준은 칼슘과 비타민 D가 풍부한 식이섭취 영역이 저조하였다. 또한 골 건강행위는 지식 수준(r=0.22, P=0.008)과 자기효능감 수준(r=0.29, P<0.001)이통계적으로 유의한 양적 상관관계가 있었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과, 중년 여성들의 골 건강행위를 실천할 수 있도록 골 건강관련 지식과 자기효능감을 증진시키기 위한 교육적 중재가 필요하다.

Abstract

Background: With the rapid growth of the elderly population, osteoporosis has become a major health problem worldwide. Although health knowledge and self-efficacy are important assets to facilitate healthy behaviors and disease prevention, such information as it relates to individuals and their bone health is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health behaviors on promoting bone health in middle-aged Korean women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey study. A convenience sampling of middle-aged women (≥40 years)was done at a community health center in Korea. Bone mineral density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry with the DEXXUM T. The level of knowledge was measured with the Knowledge of Osteoporosis Scale, and self-efficacy with the Osteoporosis Self-efficacy Scale. A questionnaire for bone health behaviors was developed for this study. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive methods, independent t-test,analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: A total of 150 middle-aged women whose mean age was 59.8±11.5 years participated in the study. Most (74%) were menopausal. Less than one-quarter of participants (22.7%) had osteoporosis and less than half (42%) had osteopenia based on the T-score at the left femur neck site. Level of knowledge (mean score,10.35) and self-efficacy (mean score, 47.67) ranged from low to moderate. Intake of calcium and vitamin D-rich foods was insufficient in our subjects. Bone health behaviors had significant positive relationships with knowledge (r=0.22, P=0.008) and self-efficacy (r=0.29, P<0.001) on promoting bone health. Conclusions: These results indicate that educational interventions are needed to enhance knowledge and confidence and to encourage middle-aged women to engage in bone health behaviors.

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