노인암 환자들의 영성과 우울증의 관계에서 낙관성과 비관성의 매개효과
The Mediating Role of Optimism and Pessimism on the Relationship between Spirituality and Depression among Elderly Cancer Patients
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연구배경: 선행 연구에 의하면 영성은 우울의 보호 요인으로 작동한다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 영성이 어떻게 우울에 영향을 미치는지 그 이론적 메커니즘을 밝힌 연구가 거의 없다. 따라서 영성과 우울 간의 관계를 설명하는 매개변수를 찾는 연구는 노인암 환자들의 우울 감소를 위한 프로그램 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는낙관성과 비관성의 매개 효과를 검증했다. 방법: 본 연구는 지역사회 거주 노인암 환자 600명을 대상으로 영성이 우울에 미치는 영향과 그 관계에 낙관성과비관성이 미치는 매개효과를 검증했다. 결과: 회귀분석과 경로분석 결과, 낙관성과 비관성은 영성과 우울을 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 영성 수준이 높을수록 낙관성 수준이 높아지고, 높아진 낙관성 수준은 낮은우울 수준과 관련 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 영성 수준이 높을수록 비관성 수준이 낮아지고, 낮아진 비관성 수준은 높은 우울 수준과 관련 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 암 환자를 대상으로 한 영성 기반의 우울 감소 개입프로그램을 구성하는데 중요한 요인으로 낙관성과 비관성을 이해하는 것이 중요한 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that spirituality has protective effects on depression. However, there are only few studies on the theoretical mechanism showing how spirituality effects on depression. Thus, to find mediating variables explaining the relationship between the spirituality and depression may help to develop appropriate program for reducing depression in elderly cancer patients. In this study, we examined the effect of optimism and pessimism as their mediating effects on depression. Methods: This study is to verify the relationships between spirituality and depression along with the mediating effects of optimism and pessimism among 600 South Korean elderly cancer patients who participated in a community- based study about their mental health. Results: Optimism and pessimism are linked with spirituality and depression. Higher spirituality levels were associated with increased optimistic thinking, and then optimistic thinking is associated with low possibility of depression, whereas lower spirituality levels were associated with more pessimistic thinking, and in turn pessimistic thinking is associated with high depression scores. Conclusions: Understanding optimism and pessimism affecting depression level is critical for developing spirituality- based programs to reduce depression in elderly cancer patients.
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