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심혈관계 위험인자로서 비알콜성 지방간질환: 프래밍햄 위험 점수 및 경동맥 경화로 평가

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease: Using the Estimation of Framingham Risk Score and Carotid Artherosclerosis

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주제분류기타자연과학

초록

연구배경: 비알콜성 지방간질환(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)은 비만, 제2형 당뇨, 고지혈증과 흔히 동반되어 나타나며 대사증후군과 밀접한 관련성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구는 상복부초음파검사를 통해진단된 NAFLD가 프래밍햄 위험 점수와 경동맥 내중막 두께로 평가한 심혈관계 위험인자인지를 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 일개 대학병원 건강증진센터에 내원한 수진자중심혈관계 질환이나 간질환의 과거력이 없고 하루 20 g 이상 알코올 복용력이 없으며 상복부초음파와 경동맥초음파를 동시에 시행한 20세 이상 성인남녀 238명을 대상으로신체계측, 생화학적 검사와 프래밍햄 위험 점수를 산출하였고 경동맥초음파검사로 경동맥 내중막 두께를 구하여비알콜성 지방간질환군과 대조군에서 차이를 분석하였다. 결과: NAFLD군에서 체질량지수와 수축기혈압 및 요산이 유의하게 높았으며 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤은 낮았다. 프래밍햄 위험 점수 총점은 NAFLD군에서 유의하게높았으며(11.5±4.7 vs. 10.2±4.3, P=0.040), 관상 동맥 질환의 10년 위험도 또한 NAFLD군에서 유의하게 높았다(8.7±7.3% vs. 4.9±5.0% P<0.001). 양측 경동맥 내중막 두께의 평균도 NAFLD군(0.72±0.18 mm)에서 대조군(0.63±0.15 mm)보다 두꺼워져 있었으며(P<0.001), 교란변수를 보정한 후에도 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.001). 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행한 결과, 교차비는 NAFLD의 존재가 2.95 (95% confidence interval [CI],1.495-5.812), 대사증후군의 항목 중 중성지방이 2.06 (95%CI, 1.041-4.066)으로 나타났다. 결론: 대사증후군과 밀접한 관련이 있는 NAFLD는 단순히 간질환적 측면뿐만 아니라, 심혈관계 질환의 위험인자로서 고려하여야 한다.

Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to be associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes,and dyslipidemia and highly related to metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to examine NAFLD as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease using the Framingham risk score and carotid intima media thickness. Methods: We examined 189 Korean adults older than 20 years who participated in a health screening test and had both carotid and abdominal ultrasounds. Patients with viral hepatitis and history of cardiovascular disease and alcohol consumption (>20 g/day) were excluded. We compared clinical characteristics, the Framingham risk scores, and carotid intima media thickness according to the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Results: Framingham risk scores and the estimated 10-year risk for coronary heart disease were higher in subjects with NAFLD (11.5±4.7 vs 10.2±4.3 P=0.04, 8.7±7.3% vs 4.9±5.0% P<0.001). Carotid intima media thickness was higher in subjects with NAFLD (0.72±0.18 mm) compared to the controls (0.63±0.15 mm) (P<0.001). This result persisted significantly after adjusting for age, sex, and the 5 components of metabolic syndrome. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 2.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.495-5.812) and triglyceride level (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.041-4.066) were independently related with carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions: These results suggest that NAFLD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Physicians should be mindful of this association when seeing patients with NAFLD.

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