감정노동이 직무소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 여행업 상담사를 대상으로
Effects of Emotional Labor on Job Burnout and Turnover Intention: Focusing on Travel Industry Worker
1
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Today, the mental stress and fatigue of counselors due to emotional labor are negatively affecting job satisfaction because of the relatively higher working environment than workers in other industries and occupations. As a result, they suffer from various symptoms and aftereffects such as emotional dissonance and mental fatigue due to psychological damage, suicidal thoughts and increased psychological exhaustion due to depression. Accordingly, the government intends to analyze emotional labor and job exhaustion by factors, and identify the relationship between emotional labor and job exhaustion to reveal how the job exhaustion formed by emotional labor affects the intention of turnover. Through this, the purpose of the study is to analyze the emotional labor of travel counselors by factors, to provide basic data to relieve job stress, and to establish programs and systems for companies to cope with emotional labor and job exhaustion. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, verification of the relationship between internal behavioral factors and job exhaustion of emotional labor has shown that internal behavior has a significant effect on both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are job exhaustion factors. Second, verification of the relationship between surface behavior and job exhaustion in emotional labor has shown that surface behavior has a significant effect on dehumanization among job exhaustion factors, but not on emotional exhaustion. Third, the verification of the relationship between job exhaustion and turnover, formed by emotional labor, showed that both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are factors of job exhaustion, have a significant effect on the intention of turnover.
Abstract
Today, the mental stress and fatigue of counselors due to emotional labor are negatively affecting job satisfaction because of the relatively higher working environment than workers in other industries and occupations. As a result, they suffer from various symptoms and aftereffects such as emotional dissonance and mental fatigue due to psychological damage, suicidal thoughts and increased psychological exhaustion due to depression. Accordingly, the government intends to analyze emotional labor and job exhaustion by factors, and identify the relationship between emotional labor and job exhaustion to reveal how the job exhaustion formed by emotional labor affects the intention of turnover. Through this, the purpose of the study is to analyze the emotional labor of travel counselors by factors, to provide basic data to relieve job stress, and to establish programs and systems for companies to cope with emotional labor and job exhaustion. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, verification of the relationship between internal behavioral factors and job exhaustion of emotional labor has shown that internal behavior has a significant effect on both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are job exhaustion factors. Second, verification of the relationship between surface behavior and job exhaustion in emotional labor has shown that surface behavior has a significant effect on dehumanization among job exhaustion factors, but not on emotional exhaustion. Third, the verification of the relationship between job exhaustion and turnover, formed by emotional labor, showed that both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are factors of job exhaustion, have a significant effect on the intention of turnover.
참고문헌 (47)
- 김승겸, "감정노동과 고객지향성의 관계에서 직무소진과 긍정심리자본의 효과", 박사, pp.2018
- 金一星, "직무스트레스 요인과 감정노동의 직무태도와의 관계에서 직무소진의 매개효과와 사회적 지원 및 자기효능감의 조절효과 분석", 박사, 경영학과 인사·조직전공, pp.2013
- 김남기, "감정노동이 직무열의와 직무소진에 의한 이직의도, 고객지향성에 미치는 영향", 한국경영교육학회, 2014(12), pp.269~294 (2014)
- 김승겸, "감정노동과 고객지향성의 관계에서 직무소진과 긍정심 리자본의 효과", 박사, pp.2018
- 김지희, "호텔 구성원의 역할 스트레스 요인, 소진, 이직의도 간 영향관계 연구 - 조직 커뮤니케이션의 조절 효과를 중심으로 -", 관광연구, 25(3), pp.139~159 (2010), 대한관광경영학회
- 박인실, "여행사종사원의 감정노동이 감정소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향", 관광연구저널, 30(6), pp.241~253 (2016), 한국관광연구학회[DOI]
- 송충환, "감정노동이 고객지향성과 직무성과에 미치는 영향", 박사, pp.2017
- 심종선, "감정노동과 직무소진이 고객지향성에 미치는 영향", 상업교육연구, 27(2), pp.69~89 (2013), 한국상업교육학회
- 양대현, "대기업 사무직 근로자의 직무스트레스 요인, 직무소진, 이직의도, 자기효능감 및 사회적 지지의 관계", 박사, pp.2019
- 염진철, "호텔조리종사원의 감정노동, 감정부조화, 직무스트레스, 직무소진 및 이직의도의 구조적관계 연구", 관광연구, 33(6), pp.91~110 (2018), 대한관광경영학회
- 유강석, "호텔 종사원의 감정노동이 감정소진과 고객지향성에 미치는 영향: 감정소진의 매개효과를 중심으로", 관광경영연구, 21(4), pp.221~243 (2017), 관광경영학회
- 유순호, "크루즈 종사원의 감정노동이 감정소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향", 관광경영연구, 24(5), pp.451~472 (2020), 관광경영학회
- 이기성, "외식 종사원의 감정노동과 사회적 지원이 직무만족에 미치는 영향: 일과 삶의 균형의 매개효과", 관광경영연구, 24(5), pp.473~498 (2020), 관광경영학회
- 이군희, "연구방법론의 이해" (2015), 북넷
- 이병기, "감정노동이 직무소진과 고객지향성에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구 -온라인쇼핑몰 콜센터 상담사를 중심으로-", 한국콘텐츠학회 논문지, 19(4), pp.621~637 (2019), 한국콘텐츠학회[DOI]
- 이상욱, "사회복지시설 종사자의 감정노동이 이직의도에 미치는 영향 연구", 박사, pp.2017
- 이학식, "SPSS 18.0 메뉴얼" (2013), 집현재
- 이환정, "감정노동이 직무소진에 미치는 영향 KEPCO 콜센터 상담원 중심으로", 박사, pp.2014
- 국내 서비스업 현황과 시사점, "임희정", 현대경제연구원, 1~21, pp.현대경제연구원. 649 (2016)
- 장미영, "서비스직 종사자의 진성리더십, 직무열의, 직무소진, 이직의도의 구조적 관계: 감정노동 강도에 따른 다집단 분석", 직업교육연구, 39(6), pp.39~62 (2020), 한국직업교육학회[DOI]
- 정태연, "항공사 객실승무원의 감정노동전략, 감정부조화, 조직냉소주의 관계연구", 관광경영연구, 23(7), pp.113~132 (2019), 관광경영학회[DOI]
- 조연우, "감정노동이 이직의도에 미치는 영향: 감정고갈과 직무소진의 매개효과", 상품학연구, 38(3), pp.43~51 (2020), 한국상품학회[DOI]
- 차재빈, "성별과 고용형태의 상호작용이 콜센터 상담사의 감정부조화, 감정소진, 고객지향성에 미치는 차이: 자기효능감의 조절효과를 중심으로", 대한경영학회지, 30(5), pp.881~904 (2017), 대한경영학회[DOI]
- 최미, "감정노동자의 직업경험에 대한 내러티브 탐구: 콜센터 전화 상담원을 중심으로", 박사, pp.2021
- 최미, "콜센터 전화 상담원이 직업 현장에서 겪는 어려움과 변화, 대처방법", 상담학연구, 20(4), pp.239~261 (2019), 한국상담학회[DOI]
- 한국의 사회동향, "통계청", 통계청 통계발발원, ~ (2020)
- Ashforth, B. E., "Emotional Labor In Service Role : The Influence of Identity", Academy of Management, 18(1), pp.88~115 (1993)
- Becker, W. J., "Emotional Labor Within Teams : Outcomes of Individual and Peer Emotional Labor on Perceived Team Support, Extra-role Behaviors and Turnover Intentions", Croup and Organization Management, 43(1), pp.38~71 (2018)
- Blau. G., "Further Scale Refinement for Eomtional Labor : Exploring Distinctions Beteen Types of Surface Versus Deep Acting Using a Difficult Client Referent", Career Development International, 15(2), pp.188~216 (2010)
- Cheng, J., "Hotel Employee Job Crafting-Burnout and Satisfacation : The Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support", International Journal of Hospitality Management, 72, pp.78~85 (2018)
- Cole, B, "The Relationship Between Job Demands, Job Resources, Engagement, Burnout and Intention to Quit", Doctor, pp.2014
- Fornell, C., "Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics", Journal of Marketing Research, pp.382~388 (1981)
- Glomb, T. M, "Emotional Labor: A Conceptualization and Scale Development", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, pp.1~23 (2004)
- Grandey, A. A, "Emotion Requlation in the Workplace : A New Way to Conceptualize Emotional Labor", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 90(6), pp.1256~1264 (2000)
- Hair, J. F., "Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings" (1995), Prentice Hall
- Hochschild, A. R, "The Managed Heart: The Commercialization of Human Feeling" (1979), University of California Press
- Hochschild, A. R, "The Managed Heart" (2012), University of California Press
- Kim, H., "Burnout and Turnover Intention Among Social Workers : Effects of Role Stress : Job Autonomy and Social Support", Adminstration Social Work, 32(3), pp.5~25 (2008)
- Koeske, G. F, "The Handbook of Social Welfare Management. 1", pp.195~241 (2000)
- Lu, A. C., "Impact of Job Burnout of Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: Do Generational Difference Matter?", Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research, 40(2), pp.210~235 (2016)
- Maslach, C., "The Measurement of Experienced Burnout", Journal of organizational Behavior, 2(2), pp.99~113 (1981)
- Maslach, C., "Burnout in Stress: Concepts Cognition", pp.351~357 (2016), Emotion and Behavior Academic Press
- Maslach, C., "Job Burnout", Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), pp.397~422 (2001)
- Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., "Moving Emotional Labor Beyond Surface and Deep Acting : A Discordance Congruence Perspective", Organizational Psychology Review, 21(1), pp.6~53 (2012)
- Mobley, W. H., "Review and Conceptual Analysis of The Employee Turnover Process", Psychologic Albulletin, 86(3), pp.493~522 (1979)
- Morris, J. A., "The Dimensions, Antecedents and Consequences of Emotional Labor", Academy of Management, 21, pp.986~1010 (1996)
- Tett, R. P., "Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, and Turnover : Path Analysis Based on Meta Analytic Findings", Personnel Psychology, 46(2), pp.259~293 (1993)
