하이즈 애정시 속 "네 자매"와 자살의 비극성 해독

Abstract

This study examined, focusing on 1980s’ avant-garde poet Haizi(1964-1989)’s love poems, the whole process leading to four women in his life, love, broken heart, search for ideal and failure, and suicide. In “First Love and Maternal World”, this study searched meeting and parting with his first lover B, which accounts for the great portion in his love poems. Poet sought to build maternal utopian world through images such as a girl, the moon, the water, and the earth, only to go to the world of death and despair because of the pain of broken heart caused from poverty and loneliness. In “Rose Garden and Kingdom of Poetry”, this study researched the poems related with two women, S and AP, with whom he temporarily fell in love after the first love. S whom he met in Chāngpíng(昌平) wanted to make a family with him, but he hoped to strive for freedom of spirit and for poetry. In addition, AP whom he met in SiChuan(四川) was the woman as 知音(a soul mate) who could understand his poetic world like Beatrice, but she was an unattainable nymph in a city. He dreamt to be a ‘prince of poetry’ such as Yesenin, Shelly, or Rimbaud in the kingdom of poetry like rose garden, and he made symbols for extinction of love and combustion of life with the poetic words such as autumn, twilight, the sun, and wild flowers. In “A Distant Place and the Symbol of Death”, this research studied spiritual wandering and frustration of a poet who was traveling far to find the utopia of ‘distant place’ in Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Tibetan Plateau(靑藏高原). Although he wandered twice to find a woman called ‘older sister’ living around Qīnghǎi lake(靑海湖), he realized that the place was empty ‘nought(無)’ which had nothing, as well. Through the images such as rocks, lake, a white bird, and distance place, he implied that he was to be dead with permanent eternity and spiritual purity. Haizi suffered in ‘intermediate area’ of life/death, material/spirit, country/city, and finite/infinity in the center of a major change from the late 80s to the early 90s of China, ending up committing suicide. The suicide of a poet who dreamt spiritual love of innocent rose garden and kingdom of poetry in the ages when poetry wasn’t accepted and love was materialized could be thought to imply the speculation on the times of twentieth century’s China and its culture, beyond an individual’s tragedy.