A Novel GNSS Spoofing Detection Technique with Array Antenna-Based Multi-PRN Diversity
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In this paper, we propose a novel global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing detection technique through an array antenna-based direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of satellite and spoofer. Specifically, we consider a sophisticated GNSS spoofing attack scenario where the spoofer can accurately mimic the multiple pseudo-random number (PRN) signals since the spoofer has its own GNSS receiver and knows the location of the target receiver in advance. The target GNSS receiver precisely estimates the DoA of all PRN signals using compressed sensing-based orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) even with a small number of samples, and it performs spoofing detection from the DoA estimation results of all PRN signals. In addition, considering the initial situation of a sophisticated spoofing attack scenario, we designed the algorithm to have high spoofing detection performance regardless of the relative spoofing signal power. Therefore, we do not consider the assumption in which the power of the spoofing signal is about 3 dB greater than that of the authentic signal. Then, we introduce design parameters to get high true detection probability and low false alarm probability in tandem by considering the condition for the presence of signal sources and the proximity of the DoA between authentic signals. Through computer simulations, we compare the DoA estimation performance between the conventional signal direction estimation method and the OMP algorithm in few samples. Finally, we show in the sophisticated spoofing attack scenario that the proposed spoofing detection technique using OMP-based estimated DoA of all PRN signals outperforms the conventional spoofing detection scheme in terms of true detection and false alarm probability.
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing detection technique through an array antenna-based direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of satellite and spoofer. Specifically, we consider a sophisticated GNSS spoofing attack scenario where the spoofer can accurately mimic the multiple pseudo-random number (PRN) signals since the spoofer has its own GNSS receiver and knows the location of the target receiver in advance. The target GNSS receiver precisely estimates the DoA of all PRN signals using compressed sensing-based orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) even with a small number of samples, and it performs spoofing detection from the DoA estimation results of all PRN signals. In addition, considering the initial situation of a sophisticated spoofing attack scenario, we designed the algorithm to have high spoofing detection performance regardless of the relative spoofing signal power. Therefore, we do not consider the assumption in which the power of the spoofing signal is about 3 dB greater than that of the authentic signal. Then, we introduce design parameters to get high true detection probability and low false alarm probability in tandem by considering the condition for the presence of signal sources and the proximity of the DoA between authentic signals. Through computer simulations, we compare the DoA estimation performance between the conventional signal direction estimation method and the OMP algorithm in few samples. Finally, we show in the sophisticated spoofing attack scenario that the proposed spoofing detection technique using OMP-based estimated DoA of all PRN signals outperforms the conventional spoofing detection scheme in terms of true detection and false alarm probability.
참고문헌 (17)
- Lina Bao, "Spoofing mitigation in Global Positioning System based on C", A code self-coherence with array signal processing, 2017, pp.62(1), 66~73[DOI]
- Ali Broumandan, "Overview of Spatial Processing Approaches for GNSS Structural Interference Detection and Mitigation", Proceedings of the IEEE, 104(6), pp.1246~1257 (2016), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
- Yanbing Guo, "Spoofing Detection and Mitigation in a Multi-correlator GPS Receiver Based on the Maximum Likelihood Principle", Sensors, 19(1), pp.37~ (2019), MDPI AG[DOI]
- Yanfeng Hu, "A Novel Array-Based Spoofing and Jamming Suppression Method for GNSS Receiver", IEEE Sensors Journal, 18(7), pp.2952~2958 (2018), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
- Jie Huang, "GNSS spoofing detection: Theoretical analysis and performance of the Ratio Test metric in open sky", ICT Express, 2(1), pp.37~40 (2016), 한국통신학회
- Humphreys, T. E., "Assessing the spoofing threat: Development of a portable GPS civilian spoofer", Prod. 21st Int. Techn. Meet. Satellite Division ION GNSS, pp.2314~2325 (2008)
- Rigas Themistoklis Ioannides, "Known Vulnerabilities of Global Navigation Satellite Systems, Status, and Potential Mitigation Techniques", Proceedings of the IEEE, 104(6), pp.1174~1194 (2016), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
- Jaroslaw Magiera, "A Multi-Antenna Scheme for Early Detection and Mitigation of Intermediate GNSS Spoofing", Sensors, 19(10), pp.2411~ (2019), MDPI AG[DOI]
- Meurer, M., "Robust joint multi-antenna spoofing detection and attitude estimation using direction assisted multiple hypotheses RAIM", Prod. 25th Int. Techn. Meet. Satellite Division ION GNSS, pp.3007~3016 (2012)
- Nielsen, J., "Spoofing detection and mitigation with a moving handheld receiver", GPS world, 21, pp.27~33 (2010)
- Noh, J. H., "Performance analysis of GNSS spoofing mitigation techniques based on array antennas in various spoofing scenarios", Proc. of the 2021 ITM ION GNSS, 2021, pp.282~294 (2021)
- Mark L. Psiaki, "GNSS Spoofing and Detection", Proceedings of the IEEE, 104(6), pp.1258~1270 (2016), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
- Qing Shen, "Underdetermined DOA Estimation Under the Compressive Sensing Framework: A Review", IEEE Access, 4, pp.8865~8878 (2016), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)[DOI]
- Wesson, K. D., "A combined symmetric difference and power monitoring GNSS antispoofing technique", 2013 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing, pp.217~220 (2013)
- Yang, Q., "A combined antijamming and antispoofing algorithm for GPS arrays", International Journal of Antennas and Propagation (2019)[DOI]
- Zhang, "A Two-Stage Interference Suppression Scheme Based on Antenna Array for GNSS Jamming and Spoofing", Sensors, 19(18), pp.3870~ (2019), MDPI AG[DOI]
- Cezary Ziółkowski, "Doppler‐based navigation for mobile protection system of strategic maritime facilities in GNSS jamming and spoofing conditions", IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 14(4), pp.643~651 (2020), Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)[DOI]