Progression of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis to Graves' Disease: a Report of Two Pediatric Cases
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Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are the most common types of autoimmune thyroid disease. However, these two diseases were previously considered as separate and distinct. Recent studies have shown that many authors view the two diseases as a continuum. The immune mechanism by regulatory T cells is thought to play an important role in linking these two diseases. The development of Grave’s disease into Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is observed relatively often; however, the reverse is rare, especially in children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this phenomenon, in which children with a history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are diagnosed with Grave’s disease, indicated by symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and elevation of antibody titer, in Korea.
Abstract
Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are the most common types of autoimmune thyroid disease. However, these two diseases were previously considered as separate and distinct. Recent studies have shown that many authors view the two diseases as a continuum. The immune mechanism by regulatory T cells is thought to play an important role in linking these two diseases. The development of Grave’s disease into Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is observed relatively often; however, the reverse is rare, especially in children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this phenomenon, in which children with a history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are diagnosed with Grave’s disease, indicated by symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and elevation of antibody titer, in Korea.
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