TDOA와 FDOA가 결합된 3차원 고속 이동체 위치추정 알고리즘

Abstract

In various aerospace and military applications, precise location estimation techniques are essential to accurately determine the location of objects at specific points in real time. In particular, when estimating the location of a Fast-Moving Object (FMO) with rapid location changes in a short period of time, such as a high-speed aircraft or a train, an algorithm that satisfies both high accuracy and fast processing speed is required. The representative location estimation techniques include Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and Frequency Difference of Arrival (FDOA). TDOA provides high accuracy but it does not consider the object’s travel distance during the processing time, which causes serious location errors in the FMO environment. Although FDOA efficiently estimates both location and velocity, it has the disadvantage of being extremely sensitive to the initial location estimate. In this paper, we propose a combined location estimation algorithm with TDOA and FDOA in threedimensional space that efficiently estimates the location of FMOs and compensates the above limitations of both techniques. The proposed algorithm first estimates the initial location of a FMO employing TDOA and then calculates its velocity employing FDOA to predict the FMO’s trajectory. The location estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated through computer simulations under various scenarios, including different sensors, FMO placement, speed, etc.