Acacia Dominated Area Exclosures Enhance the Carbon Sequestration Potential of Degraded Dryland Forest Ecosystems
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Area exclosure is a widely practiced intervention of restoring degraded lands though its impact in sequestering terrestrial and soil carbon is scanty. The study was initiated to investigate the effect of exclosure of different ages on carbon sequestration potential of restoring degraded dryland ecosystems in eastern Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Twelve plots each divided into three layers were randomly selected from 5, 10 and 15 years old exclosures and paired adjacent open grazing land. Tree and shrub biomasses were determined using destructive sampling while herb layer biomass was determined using total harvest. The average total biomass obtained were 13.6, 24.8, 27.1, and 55.5 Mg ha-1 for open grazing, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years exclosures respectively. The carbon content of plant species ranged between 48 to 53 percent of a dry biomass. The total carbon stored in the 5 years, 10 years and 15 years age exclosures were 39 Mg C ha-1, 46.3 Mg C ha-1, and 64.6 Mg C ha-1 respectively while in the open grazing land the value was 24.7 Mg C ha-1. Carbon stock is age dependent and increases with age. The difference in total carbon content between exclosures and open grazing land varied between 14.3-40 Mg C ha-1. Although it is difficult to extrapolate this result for a longer future, the average annual carbon being sequestered in the oldest exclosure was about 2.7 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. In view of improving degraded area and sequestering carbon, area exclosures are promising options.
Abstract
Area exclosure is a widely practiced intervention of restoring degraded lands though its impact in sequestering terrestrial and soil carbon is scanty. The study was initiated to investigate the effect of exclosure of different ages on carbon sequestration potential of restoring degraded dryland ecosystems in eastern Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Twelve plots each divided into three layers were randomly selected from 5, 10 and 15 years old exclosures and paired adjacent open grazing land. Tree and shrub biomasses were determined using destructive sampling while herb layer biomass was determined using total harvest. The average total biomass obtained were 13.6, 24.8, 27.1, and 55.5 Mg ha-1 for open grazing, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years exclosures respectively. The carbon content of plant species ranged between 48 to 53 percent of a dry biomass. The total carbon stored in the 5 years, 10 years and 15 years age exclosures were 39 Mg C ha-1, 46.3 Mg C ha-1, and 64.6 Mg C ha-1 respectively while in the open grazing land the value was 24.7 Mg C ha-1. Carbon stock is age dependent and increases with age. The difference in total carbon content between exclosures and open grazing land varied between 14.3-40 Mg C ha-1. Although it is difficult to extrapolate this result for a longer future, the average annual carbon being sequestered in the oldest exclosure was about 2.7 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. In view of improving degraded area and sequestering carbon, area exclosures are promising options.
참고문헌 (36)
- Abebe MH, "The role of area enclosures and fallow age in the restoration of plant diversity in northern Ethiopia", Afr J Ecol, 44, pp.507~514 (2006)
- Abiy T, "Area closure as a strategy for land management: A case study at Kelala Dalacha enclosure in the central rift valley of Ethiopia", MS, pp.2008
- Aerts R, "Restoration of Dry Afromontane Forest Using Pioneer Shrubs as Nurse‐Plants for Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata", Restor Ecol, 15, pp.129~138 (2007)
- Armecin RB, "Biomass, organic carbon and mineral matter contents of abaca (Musa textilis Nee) at different stages of growth", Ind Crops Prod, 28, pp.340~345 (2008)
- Asefa DT, "An assessment of restoration of biodiversity in degraded high mountain grazing lands in northern Ethiopia", Land Degrad Develop, 14, pp.25~38 (2003)
- Badege B, "Agroforestry and Community Forestry for Rehabilitation of Degraded Watersheds in the Ethiopian Highlands", Proceeding of EAF International Symposium on Contemporary Development Issues in Ethiopia (2003)
- Hill side closures in Wollo. Ethiopian Red Cross Society Mission Report, "Bendz M", Ethiopian Red Cross Society, ~ (1986)
- Bongers F, "Ecological restoration and church forests in northern Ethiopia", J Drylands, 1, pp.35~44 (2006)
- Breuer B, "Effects of vegetation type and species composition on carbon stocks in semi-arid Ethiopian Savannahs", MS, pp.2012
- Burke IC, "Spatial Variability of Soil Properties in the Shortgrass Steppe : The Relative Importance of Topography, Grazing, Microsite, and Plant Species in Controlling Spatial Patterns", Ecosystems, 2, pp.422~438 (1999)
- Multi Temporal Land Cover Study of Tigray Region, "Debesaye Agricultural Development and Processing Technology Consultancy Plc", Tigray National Regional State Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, 122~ (2014)
- Descheemaeker K, "Runoff on slopes with restoring vegetation : A case study from the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia", J Hydrol, 331, pp.219~241 (2006)
- Descheemaeker K, "Sediment deposition and pedogenesis in exclosures in the Tigray highlands, Ethiopia", Geoderma, 132, pp.291~314 (2006)
- Franzluebbers AJ, "Climatic influences on active fractions of soil organic matter", Soil biol Biochem, 32, pp.1103~1111 (2001)
- Gebreegziabher Z, "Household fuel consumption and resource use in rural-urban Ethiopia", PhD, pp.2007
- Gibbs HK, "Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks : making REDD a reality", Environ Res Lett, 2, pp.1~13 (2007)
- Girmay G, "Carbon stocks in Ethiopian soils in relation to land use and soil management", Land degrad and develop, 19, pp.351~367 (2008)
- Girmay G, "Changes in soil organic carbon stocks and soil quality : land-use system effects in northern Ethiopia", Acta Agric Scand B Soil Plant Sci, 62, pp.519~530 (2012)
- Itanna F, "Effect of land use changes on soil carbon status of some soil types in Ethiopian Rift Valley", Journal of dry lands, 4(1), pp.289~299 (2011)
- Ketterings QM, "Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predicting above-ground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests", For Ecol Manag, 146, pp.199~209 (2001)
- Lal R, "Soil carbon stocks under present and future climate with specific reference to European ecoregions", Nutr Cycl Agroecosys, 81, pp.113~127 (2008)
- Lemma B, "Soil carbon sequestration under different exotic tree species in the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia", Geoderma, 136, pp.886~898 (2006)
- Mekuria W, "Exclosure land management for restoration of the soils in degraded communal grazing lands in Northern Ethiopia", Land Degrad and Develop, 24, pp.528~538 (2013)
- Mekuria W, "Restoration of Ecosystem Carbon Stocks Following Exclosure Establishment in Communal Grazing Lands in Tigray, Ethiopia", Soil Sci Soc Am J, 75, pp.246~256 (2010)
- Mekuria W, "Restoration of ecosystem carbon stocks following exclosure establishment in communal grazing lands in Tigray, Ethiopia", Soil Science Society of America Journal, 75, pp.246~256 (2011)
- Mekuria W, "Effectiveness of exclosures to control soil erosion and local community perception on soil erosion in Tigray, Ethiopia", Afr J Agric Res, 4, pp.365~377 (2009)
- Mengistu T, "The role of enclosures in the recovery of woody vegetation in degraded dryland hillsides of central and northern Ethiopia", J Arid Environ, 60, pp.259~281 (2005)
- Carbon finance in Ethiopian rangelands: opportunities for save the children leadership, "Niles JO", ~ (2010)
- Pacala S, "Stabilization Wedges : Solving the Climate Problem for the Next 50 Years with Current Technologies", Science, 305, pp.968~972 (2004)
- Penman J, "Good practice guidance for land use, land-use change and forestry", IPCC, 3~178 (2003)
- Tekle K, "Natural regeneration of degraded hillslopes in Southern Wello, Ethiopia : a study based on permanent plots", Applied Geography, 21, pp.275~300 (2001)
- Tilahun M, "Economic analysis of closing degraded Boswellia papyrifera dry forest from human interventions-A study from Tigray, Northern Ethiopia", Forest Policy Econ, 9, pp.996~1105 (2007)
- Wassie A, "Effects of livestock exclusion on tree regeneration in church forests of Ethiopia", Forest Ecol and Manag, 257, pp.765~772 (2009)
- White F, "Vegetation of Africa: a descriptive memoir to accompany the Unesco", AETFAT, UNESCO, pp.1983, 356~
- Yami M, "Impact of area enclosures on desnity, diversity, and population structure of woody species : The case of may Ba' Ati-Douga Tembien, Tigray, Ethiopia", EJNR, 8, pp.99~121 (2006)
- Yayneshet T, "The effects of exclosures in restoring degraded semi-arid vegetation in communal grazing lands in northern Ethiopia", J Arid Environ, 73, pp.542~549 (2009)