Camera Trap-Based Behavioral Analysis of Long-Tailed Goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), Roe Deer (Capreolus pygargus), and Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis) in Response to Fences
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study investigated the ecological impact of fences for restricting African swine fever (ASF) on Artiodactyla movement in Yanggu-gun, South Korea. ASF poses significant public health and economic threats, leading to the construction of extensive fences that limit the spread of the virus. However, these barriers can disrupt wildlife movements, potentially resulting in habitat fragmentation and increased mortality rates. We deployed 120 camera traps at 10-meter intervals along a 1.2-kilometer section of the fence to monitor wildlife behavior from November 2021 to January 2022. The cameras captured 6,393 images of species, including the endangered long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), and water deer (Hydropotes inermis). Behavioral patterns were categorized into three types—trace and average movements, moving back and forth, and bouncing. Our analysis revealed that N. caudatus frequently attempted to approach and retreat from the fence, suggesting an inclination to cross it. Conversely, C. pygargus and H. inermis exhibited patterns indicative of the cautious exploration and avoidance of open areas. These findings highlight the indirect effects of fences on habitat connectivity and wildlife behavior, emphasizing the need for a more comprehensive understanding of these dynamics. Future research should incorporate GPS tracking to better assess the movement and behavioral patterns of Artiodactyla species in relation to fences. Ultimately, the management of ASF fences should be informed by ecological data to identify critical areas for potential fence openings, adjustments, or reinforcements, thereby enhancing wildlife conservation efforts while mitigating the spread of the disease.
Abstract
This study investigated the ecological impact of fences for restricting African swine fever (ASF) on Artiodactyla movement in Yanggu-gun, South Korea. ASF poses significant public health and economic threats, leading to the construction of extensive fences that limit the spread of the virus. However, these barriers can disrupt wildlife movements, potentially resulting in habitat fragmentation and increased mortality rates. We deployed 120 camera traps at 10-meter intervals along a 1.2-kilometer section of the fence to monitor wildlife behavior from November 2021 to January 2022. The cameras captured 6,393 images of species, including the endangered long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), and water deer (Hydropotes inermis). Behavioral patterns were categorized into three types—trace and average movements, moving back and forth, and bouncing. Our analysis revealed that N. caudatus frequently attempted to approach and retreat from the fence, suggesting an inclination to cross it. Conversely, C. pygargus and H. inermis exhibited patterns indicative of the cautious exploration and avoidance of open areas. These findings highlight the indirect effects of fences on habitat connectivity and wildlife behavior, emphasizing the need for a more comprehensive understanding of these dynamics. Future research should incorporate GPS tracking to better assess the movement and behavioral patterns of Artiodactyla species in relation to fences. Ultimately, the management of ASF fences should be informed by ecological data to identify critical areas for potential fence openings, adjustments, or reinforcements, thereby enhancing wildlife conservation efforts while mitigating the spread of the disease.
참고문헌 (26)
- Benítez-López A, "The impacts of roads and other infrastructure on mammal and bird populations : a meta-analysis", Biol Conserv, 143, pp.1307~1316 (2010)
- Burkholder EN, "To jump or not to jump : mule deer and white-tailed deer fence crossing decisions", Wildl Soc Bull, 42, pp.420~429 (2018)
- Cordier JA, "An investigation into the design, development, production and support of a wildlife tracking system based on GSM", GPS technologies, North West University, 2006
- Dennis RLH, "Corridors and barriers in biodiversity conservation : a novel resource-based habitat perspective for butterflies", Biodivers Conserv, 22, pp.2709~2734 (2013)
- Feldhamer GA, "Effects of interstate highway fencing on white-tailed deer activity", J Wildl Manag, 50, pp.497~503 (1986)
- Guberti V, "African swine fever in wild boar: ecology and biosecurity" (2022), Food and Agriculture Organization
- Hebblewhite M, "Distinguishing technology from biology : a critical review of the use of GPS telemetry data in ecology", Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 365, pp.2303~2312 (2010)
- Hovick TJ, "Evidence of negative effects of anthropogenic structures on wildlife : a review of grouse survival and behavior", J Appl Ecol, 51, pp.1680~1689 (2014)
- Construction guidelines for wildlife fencing and associated escape and lateral access control measures, "Huijser MP", NCHRPP, ~, pp.NCHRPP Project 25-25, Task 84 (2015)
- Jakes AF, "A fence runs through it : a call for greater attention to the influence of fences on wildlife and ecosystems", Biol Conserv, 227, pp.310~318 (2018)
- Jones PF, "Is it the road or the fence? Influence of linear anthropogenic features on the movement and distribution of a partially migratory ungulate", Mov Ecol, 10, pp.37~ (2022)
- Kreling SES, "Roadkill distribution at the wildland-urban interface", Wildl Manag, 83, pp.1427~1436 (2019)
- Lindsey PA, "Fencing for conservation", pp.215~234 (2012), Springer
- Massey AL, "Fencing protected areas : a long-term assessment of the effects of reserve establishment and fencing on African mammalian diversity", Biol Conserv, 176, pp.162~171 (2014)
- McInturff A, "Fence ecology : frameworks for understanding the ecological effects of fences", BioScience, 70, pp.971~985 (2020)
- Standard operating procedures(SOP)for African swine fever in wild boars, "Ministry of Environment", Ministry of Environment, ~ (2020)
- Montgomery RE, "On a form of swine fever occurring in British East Africa(Kenya Colony)", J Comp Pathol Ther, 34, pp.159~191 (1921)
- National Institute of Ecology, "African swine fever in wild boar ecology and biosecurity" (2020), National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon
- Palmer WL, "A practical fence to reduce deer damage", Wildl Soc Bull (1973-2006), 13, pp.240~245 (1985)
- Soh MCK, "Impacts of habitat degradation on tropical montane biodiversity and ecosystem services : a systematic map for identifying future research priorities", Front For Glob Change, 2, pp.83~ (2019)
- Stull DW, "Comparison of fencing designs for excluding deer from roadways", Hum Wildl Interact, 5, pp.47~57 (2011)
- Trouwborst A, "Border fences and their impacts on large carnivores, large herbivores and biodiversity : an international wildlife law perspective", Rev Eur Comp Int Environ Law, 25, pp.291~306 (2016)
- van Doormaal N, "Understanding site selection of illegal border crossings into a fenced protected area : a rational choice approach", Crime Sci, 7, pp.1~11 (2018)
- Wilansky J, "Predicting the effectiveness of wildlife fencing along roads using an individual-based model: how do fence-following distances influence the fence-end effect?", Ecol Modell, 495, pp.110784~ (2024)
- Wilkinson CE, "Quantifying wildlife responses to conservation fencing in East Africa", Biol Conserv, 256, pp.109071~ (2021)
- Xu W, "Barrier behaviour analysis(BaBA)reveals extensive effects of fencing on wide-ranging ungulates", J Appl Ecol, 58, pp.690~698 (2021)