GIS Based Land Use and Land Cover Change Analysis and Its Relation to Soil Salinity in Satkhira District of Bangladesh
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Salinity is one of the leading environmental hazards of Bangladesh and also for the coastal regions of the world. Therefore this study explores the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use land cover change (LULCC) analyzed by the Landsat 8 images of the year 2014 and 2024 and detects the effect of salinity on LULCC in three upazilas of Satkhira district of Bangladesh. 162 soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm depth from different land use classes using systematic random sampling technique to make composite samples. These collected soil samples were analyzed for different chemical properties and salt characteristics. The satellite imagery analysis revealed that water body and agricultural land have been declined at an alarming rate between 2014 and 2024 but shrimp cultivated area showed a substantial increase (40.01%) from the base year. From the soil sample analysis, it was found that most of the land in the study area had low organic matter with pH less than 8. The higher concentration (24.6 dS/m) of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and cation exchange capacity was also observed in these areas. Due to high soil EC value, the area under agriculture has decreased significantly and most of these areas have been converted to shrimp cultivation because of salinity. Nonetheless, this study does not assess the impacts of land use land cover change for salinity intrusion on local communities. Still, these findings will benefit the policymakers and stakeholders in taking suitable actions to reduce the impacts of soil salinity on land use change in the coastal areas at local, regional and global scales.
Abstract
Salinity is one of the leading environmental hazards of Bangladesh and also for the coastal regions of the world. Therefore this study explores the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use land cover change (LULCC) analyzed by the Landsat 8 images of the year 2014 and 2024 and detects the effect of salinity on LULCC in three upazilas of Satkhira district of Bangladesh. 162 soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm depth from different land use classes using systematic random sampling technique to make composite samples. These collected soil samples were analyzed for different chemical properties and salt characteristics. The satellite imagery analysis revealed that water body and agricultural land have been declined at an alarming rate between 2014 and 2024 but shrimp cultivated area showed a substantial increase (40.01%) from the base year. From the soil sample analysis, it was found that most of the land in the study area had low organic matter with pH less than 8. The higher concentration (24.6 dS/m) of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and cation exchange capacity was also observed in these areas. Due to high soil EC value, the area under agriculture has decreased significantly and most of these areas have been converted to shrimp cultivation because of salinity. Nonetheless, this study does not assess the impacts of land use land cover change for salinity intrusion on local communities. Still, these findings will benefit the policymakers and stakeholders in taking suitable actions to reduce the impacts of soil salinity on land use change in the coastal areas at local, regional and global scales.