3D FLAIR Cochlear Abnormality Does Not Predict on Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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Background and Objectives Previous studies reported abnormalities in MRI as a poorprognostic indicator of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Since abnormalities inthree-dimensional (3D) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are strongly correlatedwith the initial hearing function, the prognostic value of the 3D FLAIR images should becarefully evaluated to avoid collinearity. We aimed to evaluate abnormalities on the 3DFLAIR images as an independent prognostic factor in the matched SSNHL groups. Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 179 patients withSSNHL who underwent temporal MRI, including the 3D FLAIR sequence, between January2015 and December 2019. Patients were divided based on the presence of cochlear abnormalitieson the 3D FLAIR images. Hearing prognosis was evaluated with and without matchingfor initial hearing and treatment interval. Results The groups were similar in sex (p=0.091), age (p=0.925), treatment interval (p=0.216), and MRI interval (p=0.828). Notably, patients with cochlear abnormalities on the 3DFLAIR images showed distinctly more severe hearing loss (p<0.001) at the initial pure toneaverage (PTA) assessment and poorer outcomes (p<0.001) compared to those without abnormality. After matching for initial hearing and treatment interval, the hearing outcome, measuredby PTA, was similar between the groups (p=0.681). Conclusion Cochlear signal abnormality in 3D FLAIR MRI was associated with poor initialhearing. However, it did not affect hearing recovery outcomes when the groups werematched.
Abstract
Background and Objectives Previous studies reported abnormalities in MRI as a poorprognostic indicator of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Since abnormalities inthree-dimensional (3D) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are strongly correlatedwith the initial hearing function, the prognostic value of the 3D FLAIR images should becarefully evaluated to avoid collinearity. We aimed to evaluate abnormalities on the 3DFLAIR images as an independent prognostic factor in the matched SSNHL groups. Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 179 patients withSSNHL who underwent temporal MRI, including the 3D FLAIR sequence, between January2015 and December 2019. Patients were divided based on the presence of cochlear abnormalitieson the 3D FLAIR images. Hearing prognosis was evaluated with and without matchingfor initial hearing and treatment interval. Results The groups were similar in sex (p=0.091), age (p=0.925), treatment interval (p=0.216), and MRI interval (p=0.828). Notably, patients with cochlear abnormalities on the 3DFLAIR images showed distinctly more severe hearing loss (p<0.001) at the initial pure toneaverage (PTA) assessment and poorer outcomes (p<0.001) compared to those without abnormality. After matching for initial hearing and treatment interval, the hearing outcome, measuredby PTA, was similar between the groups (p=0.681). Conclusion Cochlear signal abnormality in 3D FLAIR MRI was associated with poor initialhearing. However, it did not affect hearing recovery outcomes when the groups werematched.
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