Incidence of Upper Respiratory Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Data-Based Epidemiological Study
1
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background and Objectives Nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs), such as social dis-tancing and preventive measures, were administered during the coronavirus disease (COV-ID-19) pandemic, which may influence the incidence of upper respiratory diseases (URDs). The present study compared the incidence of URDs during the COVID-19 pandemic and dur-ing the years prior to COVID-19, and investigated the effect of NPIs on URD in the nation-wide general population. Subjects and Method This is an epidemiologic study based on the Korean National HealthInsurance Database from March 2016 to February 2021. We compared the monthly incidenceof URDs from March 2020 to February 2021 (12 months) with that of the past four years. Anegative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the annual difference in the incidenceof each URD and adjusting temperature, humidity, and the level of particulate matter 10 (PM10). Results The monthly incidence of ‘the five common URDs’ in 2020 was significantly lowerthan that in the past four years. The incidence of other chronic diseases, however, such as hy-pertension and diabetes mellitus, was comparable or higher in the past four years. Among thefive common URDs, influenza virus infections decreased most dramatically, nearing 99%,from 296.4-377.1 per 100000 people during the period of 2016 to 2019 to 3.7 per 100000 peo-ple in 2020. Conclusion The present study shows that the incidence of ‘five common URDs’ significantlydecreased during the era of COVID-19 in Korea. We believe that nationwide NPI might preventthe transmission of COVID-19 as well as other infectious sources associated with URDs.
Abstract
Background and Objectives Nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs), such as social dis-tancing and preventive measures, were administered during the coronavirus disease (COV-ID-19) pandemic, which may influence the incidence of upper respiratory diseases (URDs). The present study compared the incidence of URDs during the COVID-19 pandemic and dur-ing the years prior to COVID-19, and investigated the effect of NPIs on URD in the nation-wide general population. Subjects and Method This is an epidemiologic study based on the Korean National HealthInsurance Database from March 2016 to February 2021. We compared the monthly incidenceof URDs from March 2020 to February 2021 (12 months) with that of the past four years. Anegative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the annual difference in the incidenceof each URD and adjusting temperature, humidity, and the level of particulate matter 10 (PM10). Results The monthly incidence of ‘the five common URDs’ in 2020 was significantly lowerthan that in the past four years. The incidence of other chronic diseases, however, such as hy-pertension and diabetes mellitus, was comparable or higher in the past four years. Among thefive common URDs, influenza virus infections decreased most dramatically, nearing 99%,from 296.4-377.1 per 100000 people during the period of 2016 to 2019 to 3.7 per 100000 peo-ple in 2020. Conclusion The present study shows that the incidence of ‘five common URDs’ significantlydecreased during the era of COVID-19 in Korea. We believe that nationwide NPI might preventthe transmission of COVID-19 as well as other infectious sources associated with URDs.
참고문헌 (24)
- Park S, "Social distancing and outdoor physical activity during the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea : Implications for physical distancing strategies", Asia Pac J Public Health, 32(6-7), pp.360~362 (2020)
- Caley P, "Quantifying social distancing arising from pandemic influenza", J R Soc Interface, 5(23), pp.631~639 (2008)
- Loeb M, "SARS among critical care nurses, Toronto", Emerg Infect Dis, 10(2), pp.251~255 (2004)
- Suess T, "The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: Results from a cluster randomised trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011", BMC Infect Dis, 12, pp.26~ (2012)
- Sung AD, "Universal mask usage for reduction of respiratory viral infections after stem cell transplant : A prospective trial", Clin Infect Dis, 63(8), pp.999~1006 (2016)
- Zhang L, "Protection by face masks against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus on trans-pacific passenger aircraft, 2009", Emerg Infect Dis, 19(9), pp.1403~1410 (2013)
- White C, "The effect of hand hygiene on illness rate among students in university residence halls", Am J Infect Control, 31(6), pp.364~370 (2003)
- Niffenegger JP, "Proper handwashing promotes wellness in child care", J Pediatr Health Care, 11(1), pp.26~31 (1997)
- Chiu NC, "Impact of wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing on inf luenza, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia during the coronavirus pandemic : Retrospective national epidemiological surveillance study", J Med Internet Res, 22(8), pp.e21257~ (2020)
- Lin CF, "Public health interventions for the COVID-19 pandemic reduce respiratory tract infection-related visits at pediatric emergency departments in Taiwan", Front Public Health, 8, pp.604089~ (2020)
- Olsen SJ, "Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19pandemic - United States, Australia, Chile, and South Africa, 2020", MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 69(37), pp.1305~1309 (2020)
- Sunagawa S, "Disappearance of summer influenza in the Okinawa prefecture during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic", Respir Investig, 59(1), pp.149~152 (2021)
- Hatoun J, "Social distancing for COVID-19 and diagnoses of other infectious diseases in children", Pediatrics, 146(4), pp.e2020006460~ (2020)
- 모지훈, "Association of Particulate Matter With ENT Diseases", Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, 12(3), pp.237~238 (2019), 대한이비인후과학회[DOI]
- Agresti A, "Categorical data analysis" (2013), Wiley
- Tukey JW, "Comparing individual means in the analysis of variance", Biometrics, 5(2), pp.99~114 (1949)
- Park IN, "Stepwise strategy of social distancing in Korea", J Korean Med Sci, 35(28), pp.e264~ (2020)
- Kim JH, "Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza epidemics disappearance in Korea during the 2020-2021 season of COVID-19", Int J Infect Dis, 110, pp.29~35 (2021)
- Huang SZ, "A new SEIR epidemic model with applications to the theory of eradication and control of diseases, and to the calculation of R0", Math Biosci, 215(1), pp.84~104 (2008)
- Falsey AR, "Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults", Clin Microbiol Rev, 13(3), pp.371~384 (2000)
- Otomaru H, "Transmission of respiratory syncytial virus among children under 5 years in households of rural communities, the Philippines", Open Forum Infect Dis, 6(3), pp.ofz045~ (2019)
- Flaxman S, "Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe", Nature, 584(7820), pp.257~261 (2020)
- Liang M, "Efficacy of face mask in preventing respiratory virus transmission : A systematic review and meta-analysis", Travel Med Infect Dis, 36, pp.101751~ (2020)
- Rabie T, "Handwashing and risk of respiratory infections : A quantitative systematic review", Trop Med Int Health, 11(3), pp.258~267 (2006)