The relationship between perception and production in L2 English stress acquisition
1
조회
0
다운로드
16
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper investigated whether L2 learners’ pronunciation difficulties were related to their perceptual deficiency of the target sounds, by conducting experiments on 29 Korean learners’ acquisition of English word stress. It was shown that overall the correct percentage of perception (76.83%) was significantly higher than that of production (55.93%). However, there was no correlation between perception and production, which suggests that second (or foreign) language learners’ good perception abilities do not necessarily reflect their good production abilities, and vice versa. It was also shown that the overall results interacted with suffix class (class 1 or class 2) and lexical class (noun or adjective). Specifically, the participants performed much better with class 2 suffixes (perception 85.4%; production 73.5%) than with class 1 suffixes (perception 68.3%; production 38.4%) across perception and production. As for lexical class, the participants were more likely to perceive main stress target-appropriately when the target words were adjectives than when they were nouns (noun 74.6% vs. adjective 79.1%). However, their production of primary stress was more target-appropriate when the target words were nouns than adjectives (noun 63.8% vs. adjective 48.1%). More specifically, the participants had most difficulty in producing correct stress when the targets were class 1 adjectives, followed by class 1 nouns. The participants’ perception and production error patterns were also analyzed in terms of the number of errors and the distribution of syllable position. Based on the findings of the study, some pedagogical implications for the teaching of English word stress were drawn.
Abstract
This paper investigated whether L2 learners’ pronunciation difficulties were related to their perceptual deficiency of the target sounds, by conducting experiments on 29 Korean learners’ acquisition of English word stress. It was shown that overall the correct percentage of perception (76.83%) was significantly higher than that of production (55.93%). However, there was no correlation between perception and production, which suggests that second (or foreign) language learners’ good perception abilities do not necessarily reflect their good production abilities, and vice versa. It was also shown that the overall results interacted with suffix class (class 1 or class 2) and lexical class (noun or adjective). Specifically, the participants performed much better with class 2 suffixes (perception 85.4%; production 73.5%) than with class 1 suffixes (perception 68.3%; production 38.4%) across perception and production. As for lexical class, the participants were more likely to perceive main stress target-appropriately when the target words were adjectives than when they were nouns (noun 74.6% vs. adjective 79.1%). However, their production of primary stress was more target-appropriate when the target words were nouns than adjectives (noun 63.8% vs. adjective 48.1%). More specifically, the participants had most difficulty in producing correct stress when the targets were class 1 adjectives, followed by class 1 nouns. The participants’ perception and production error patterns were also analyzed in terms of the number of errors and the distribution of syllable position. Based on the findings of the study, some pedagogical implications for the teaching of English word stress were drawn.
참고문헌 (35)
- Janet Robert Johnson, "The relationship between native speaker judgments of nonnative pronunciation and deviance in segmentals", pp.529~555 (1992)
- Archibald, "the Acquisition of Metrical Parameters" (1993)
- "The learnability of metrical parameters by adult speakers of Spanish International Review of Applied Linguistics 31", pp.129~142 (1993)
- "The acquisition of stress", pp.81~110 (1995), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- "The acquisition of English stress by speakers of nonaccentual languages: lexical storage versus computation of stress", 35, pp.167~181 (1997)
- "Second Language Phonology" (1998), Amsterdam: John Benjamins
- Beckman, "Positional faithfulness, positional neutralization and Shona vowel harmony", 14, pp.1~46 (1997)
- Brire,Emil, "An investigation of phonological interference", 42, pp.769~796 (1966)
- Brown,Adam, "Approaches to Pronunciation Teaching" (1995), Phoenix ELT
- and Morris Halle, "The Sound Pattern of English", (am) (1968)
- Davis, "Knowledge of the English non-verb stress difference by native and nonnative speakers", 36, pp.445~460 (1997)
- Depoux, "A robust method to study stress deafness", 110, pp.1606~1618 (2001)
- Derwing, "Accent, intelligibility, and comprehensibility", 19, pp.1~16 (1997)
- Erdmann, "Patterns of stress-transfer in English and German International Review of Applied Linguistics 11", pp.229~241 (1973)
- Flege, "the relevance of phonetic input to L2 phonological learning Crosscurrents in Second Language Acquisition and Linguistic Theories", pp.249~289 (1991)
- Gnanadesikan, "Markedness and faithfulness constraints in child phonology", pp.73~108 (2004), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Guion, Susan G, "Factors affecting stress placement for English non-words include syllable structure, lexical class, and stress patterns of phonologically similar words", 46, pp.403~427 (2003)
- Guion, "Early and late Spanish-Englishbilinguals acquisition of English word stress patterns", 7, pp.207~226 (2004)
- Guion, "Knowledge of English word stress patterns in early and lateEnglish-Korean bilinguals", 27, pp.503~533 (2005)
- Halle, "An Essay on Stress" (1987), MIT Press
- Hayes,Bruce, "Extrametricality and English stress", 13, pp.227~276 (1982)
- Jun, "The accentual phrase in the Korean prosodic hierarchy", 15(2), pp.189~226 (1998)
- Kager,Ren, "A Metrical Theory of Stress and Destressing in English and Dutch" (1989), Foris
- Paul, "From cyclic phonology to lexical phonology The Structure of Phonological Representation", pp.131~76 (1982)
- Lacabex, "English vowel reduction by untrained Spanish learners: perception and production" (2005), Paper presented at PTLC
- Lado,Robert, "Linguistics across cultures" (1957), University of Michigan Press
- Lee, Borim, "Acoustic analysis of the production of unstressed English vowels by early and late Korean and Japanese bilinguals", 28, pp.487~513 (2006)
- Llisterri, "Relationships between speech production and speech perception in a second language", 4, pp.92~99 (1995)
- Mairs, "Stress assignment in interlanguage phonology An analysis of the stress system of Spanish speakers learning English Linguistic Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition", pp.260~284 (1989), Cambridge University Press
- Major, "Markedness universals and the acquisition of voicing contrasts by Korean speakers of English", 18, pp.69~90 (1996)
- No, Gyeonghee, "Stress placement and phonological competence of L2 learners", 53(2), pp.3~19 (1998)
- Pater, "Bridging the gap between receptive and productive development with minimally violable constraints", pp.219~244 (2004), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Sheldon, "The acquisition of", r, l, pp.by Japanese learners of English evidence that speech production can precede speech perception[DOI]
- Siegel,Dorothy, "Topics in English Morphology" (1974)
- Tarone,Elaine, "Some influence on the syllable structure of interlanguage phonology", 18, pp.139~152 (1980)