Magnesium vs. machined surfaced titanium - osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
PURPOSE. This study focused on in vitro cell differentiation and surface characteristics in a magnesium coated titanium surface implanted on using a plasma ion source. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 40 commercially made pure titanium discs were prepared to produce Ti oxide machined surface (M) and Mg-incorporated Ti oxide machined surface (MM). Surface properties were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On each surface, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S staining for mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, and quantitative analysis of osteoblastic gene expression, were evaluated. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP and GAPDH performing RT-PCR were performed to characterize osteoclast differentiation on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). RESULTS. MM showed similar surface morphology and surface roughness with M, but was slightly smoother after ion implantation at the micron scale. M was more hydrophobic than MM. No significant difference between surfaces on ALP activity at 7 and 14 days were observed. Real-time PCR analyses showed similar levels of mRNA expression of the osteoblast phenotype genes; osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and collagen 1 (Col 1) in cell grown on MM at 7, 14 and 21 days. Alizarin red S staining at 21 days showed no significant difference. BMMs differentiation increased in M and MM. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP showed osteoclast differentiation to be more active on MM. CONCLUSION. Both M and MM have a good effect on osteoblastic cell differentiation, but MM may speed the bone remodeling process by activating on osteoclast differentiation.
Abstract
PURPOSE. This study focused on in vitro cell differentiation and surface characteristics in a magnesium coated titanium surface implanted on using a plasma ion source. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 40 commercially made pure titanium discs were prepared to produce Ti oxide machined surface (M) and Mg-incorporated Ti oxide machined surface (MM). Surface properties were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On each surface, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S staining for mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, and quantitative analysis of osteoblastic gene expression, were evaluated. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP and GAPDH performing RT-PCR were performed to characterize osteoclast differentiation on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). RESULTS. MM showed similar surface morphology and surface roughness with M, but was slightly smoother after ion implantation at the micron scale. M was more hydrophobic than MM. No significant difference between surfaces on ALP activity at 7 and 14 days were observed. Real-time PCR analyses showed similar levels of mRNA expression of the osteoblast phenotype genes; osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and collagen 1 (Col 1) in cell grown on MM at 7, 14 and 21 days. Alizarin red S staining at 21 days showed no significant difference. BMMs differentiation increased in M and MM. Actin ring formation assay and gene expression analysis of TRAP showed osteoclast differentiation to be more active on MM. CONCLUSION. Both M and MM have a good effect on osteoblastic cell differentiation, but MM may speed the bone remodeling process by activating on osteoclast differentiation.
참고문헌 (20)
- Sul YT., "Which surface properties enhance bone response to implants? Comparison of oxidized magnesium, TiUnite, and Osseotite implant surfaces", Int J Prosthodont, 19, pp.319~328 (2006)
- Zreiqat H., "Mechanisms of magnesium-stimulated adhesion of osteoblastic cells to commonly used orthopaedic implants", J Biomed Mater Res, 62, pp.175~184 (2002)
- Sul YT., "Bone tissue responses to Mg-incorporated oxidized implants and machine-turned implantsin the rabbit femur", J Appl Biomater Biomech, 3, pp.18~28 (2005)
- Sul YT., "Bone reactions to oxidized titanium implants with electrochemical anion sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid incorporation", Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 4, pp.78~87 (2002)
- Maitz MF., "Bioactivity of titanium following sodium plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition", Biomaterials, 26, pp.5465~5473 (2005)
- Sul YT., "The bone response of oxidized bioactive and non-bioactive titanium implants", Biomaterials, 26, pp.6720~6730 (2005)
- Cho LR., "Bone response of Mg ion-implanted clinical implants with the plasma source ion implantation method", Clin Oral Implants Res, 21, pp.848~856 (2010)
- Sammons RL., "Comparison of osteoblast spreading on microstructured dental implant surfaces and cell behaviour in an explant model of osseointegration. A scanning electron microscopic study", Clin Oral Implants Res, 16, pp.657~666 (2005)
- Park JW., "Osteoblast response to magnesium ion-incorporated nanoporous titanium oxide surfaces", CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, 21(11), pp.1278~1287 (2010), WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
- Takebe J., "Anodic oxidation and hydrothermal treatment of titanium results in a surface that causes increased attachment and altered cytoskeletal morphology of rat bone marrow stromal cells in vitro", J Biomed Mater Res, 51, pp.398~407 (2000)
- Samee N., "Dlx5, a positive regulator of osteoblastogenesis, is essential for osteoblast-osteoclast coupling", Am J Pathol, 173, pp.773~780 (2008)
- Tadic T., "Overexpression of Dlx5 in chicken calvarial cells accelerates osteoblastic differentiation", J Bone Miner Res, 17, pp.1008~1014 (2002)
- Ajroud K., "Binding Affinity of Metal Ions to the CD11b A-domain Is Regulated by Integrin Activation and Ligands", J Biol Chem, 279, pp.25483~25488 (2004)
- Zreiqat H., "The effect of surface chemistry modification of titanium alloy on signalling pathways in human osteoblasts", Biomaterials, 26, pp.7579~7586 (2005)
- Olivares-Navarrete R., "Integrin alpha2beta1 plays a critical role in osteoblast response to micron-scale surface structure and surface energy of titanium substrates", Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, pp.15767~15772 (2008)
- Keselowsky BG., "Integrin alpha(5)controls osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation responses to titanium substrates presenting different roughness characteristics in a roughness independent manner", J Biomed Mater Res A, 80, pp.700~710 (2007)
- Wilson SR., "Cathepsin K activity-dependent regulation of osteoclast actin ring formation and bone resorption", J Biol Chem, 284, pp.2584~2592 (2009)
- Flanagan AM., "Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator NF-kappaB ligand fail to rescue osteoclastpoor human malignant infantile osteopetrosis in vitro", Bone, 30, pp.85~90 (2002)
- Boyle WJ., "Osteoclast differentiation and activation", Nature, 423, pp.337~342 (2003)
- Burgess TL., "The ligand for osteoprotegerin(OPGL)directly activates mature osteoclasts", J Cell Biol, 145, pp.527~538 (1999)