Anxiety, Depression and Burnout Levels of Turkish Healthcare Workers at the End of the First Period of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) as well as their physical health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anxiety, depression and burnout levels of Turkish HCWs after the first period of the pandemic. Methods: The participants filled sociodemographic data form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: In this study, 221 HCWs (68.8% female) with a median age of 28 (20−66) years were included. Concerning HADS cut-off points, 39.8% of the participants scored above the depression cut-off point, while 26.2% scored above the cut-off point for anxiety. The anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) scores of nurses and medical secretaries were significantly higher than the physicians. Also, the anxiety and depression rates of nurses were higher than both physicians and medical secretaries. Emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE) and depersonalization (MBI-D) scores were highest in nurses, followed by medical secretaries and physicians, respectively. In multivariate analysis, being a nurse (OR: 4.671, p = 0.044) or medical secretary (OR: 4.013, p = 0.048), requirement of using a mental health support line (OR: 4.641, p = 0.005), having any kind of addiction (OR: 2.562, p = 0.019) and being under antidepressant therapy (OR: 3.096, p = 0.036) significantly increased the risk of anxiety. However, in multivariate analyses, the only requirement of using a mental health support line significantly increased the risk of depression (OR: 8.542, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Female HCWs, nurses and medical secretaries experienced higher levels of mental health symptoms than male HCWs and physicians.
Abstract
Objective: COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) as well as their physical health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anxiety, depression and burnout levels of Turkish HCWs after the first period of the pandemic. Methods: The participants filled sociodemographic data form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: In this study, 221 HCWs (68.8% female) with a median age of 28 (20−66) years were included. Concerning HADS cut-off points, 39.8% of the participants scored above the depression cut-off point, while 26.2% scored above the cut-off point for anxiety. The anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) scores of nurses and medical secretaries were significantly higher than the physicians. Also, the anxiety and depression rates of nurses were higher than both physicians and medical secretaries. Emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE) and depersonalization (MBI-D) scores were highest in nurses, followed by medical secretaries and physicians, respectively. In multivariate analysis, being a nurse (OR: 4.671, p = 0.044) or medical secretary (OR: 4.013, p = 0.048), requirement of using a mental health support line (OR: 4.641, p = 0.005), having any kind of addiction (OR: 2.562, p = 0.019) and being under antidepressant therapy (OR: 3.096, p = 0.036) significantly increased the risk of anxiety. However, in multivariate analyses, the only requirement of using a mental health support line significantly increased the risk of depression (OR: 8.542, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Female HCWs, nurses and medical secretaries experienced higher levels of mental health symptoms than male HCWs and physicians.
참고문헌 (38)
- "Table 19 patient Covidien-Turkey"[URL]
- Robertson E, "The psychosocial effects of being quarantined following exposure to SARS : a qualitative study of Toronto health care workers", Can J Psychiatry, 49, pp.403~407 (2004)
- Dubey S, "Psychosocial impact of COVID-19", Diabetes Metab Syndr, 14, pp.779~788 (2020)
- Chen Q, "Mental health care for medical staffin China during the COVID-19outbreak", Lancet Psychiatry, 7, pp.e15~e16 (2020)
- Wong TW, "The psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on healthcare workers in emergency departments and how they cope", Eur J Emerg Med, 12, pp.13~18 (2005)
- Maunder R, "The immediate psychological and occupational impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak in a teaching hospital", CMAJ, 168, pp.1245~1251 (2003)
- Zhou Y, "Prevalence of poor psychiatric status and sleep quality among frontline healthcare workers during and after the COVID-19outbreak : a longitudinal study", Transl Psychiatry, 11, pp.223~ (2021)
- Zigmond AS, "The hospital anxiety and depression scale", Acta Psychiatr Scand, 67, pp.361~370 (1983)
- Aydemir O, "Validity and reliability of Turkish version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale", Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 8, pp.280~287 (1997)
- Maslach C, "Maslach burnout inventory", pp.1~17 (1986), Consulting Psychologists Press
- Ergin C, "Maslach burnout inventory Turkey health personnel norms", Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji(3P)Dergisi, 4, pp.28~33 (1996)
- Maslach C, "Maslach burnout inventory", pp.191~218 (1996), Consulting Psychologists Press
- George D, "SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference 11.0 update" (2003), Allyn &Bacon
- Lai J, "Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019", JAMA Netw Open, 3, pp.e203976~ (2020)
- Ayhan Başer D, "Assessment of individuals' attitude, knowledge and anxiety towards COVID-19 at the first period of the outbreak in Turkey : a web-based cross-sectional survey", Int J Clin Pract, 74, pp.e13622~ (2020)
- Simione L, "Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 spread in Italy", Front Psychol, 11, pp.2166~ (2020)
- Hacimusalar Y, "Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic : a comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey", J Psychiatr Res, 129, pp.181~188 (2020)
- Pappa S, "Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Brain Behav Immun, 88, pp.901~907 (2020)
- 김민석, "Mental disorders among workers in the healthcare industry: 2014 national health insurance data", Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 30(2), pp.1~8 (2018), 대한직업환경의학회[DOI]
- Wang Y, "Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in some regions of China", Psychol Health Med, 26, pp.13~22 (2021)
- Kemal Tolga Saracoglu, "The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Disease is more Severe on Intensive Care Unit Healthcare Providers: A Cross-sectional Study", Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience, 18(4), pp.607~615 (2020), 대한정신약물학회[DOI]
- Parker G, "Gender differences in depression", Int Rev Psychiatry, 22, pp.429~436 (2010)
- Li SH, "Why are women so vulnerable to anxiety, trauma-related and stress-related disorders? The potential role of sex hormones", Lancet Psychiatry, 4, pp.73~82 (2017)
- Kannampallil TG, "Exposure to COVID-19 patients increases physician trainee stress and burnout", PLoS One, 15, pp.e0237301~ (2020)
- Barello S, "Burnout and somatic symptoms among frontline healthcare professionals at the peak of the Italian COVID-19 pandemic", Psychiatry Res, 290, pp.113129~ (2020)
- Yıldırım M, "COVID-19 burnout, COVID-19 stress and resilience : initial psychometric properties of COVID-19Burnout Scale", Death Stud (2020)[DOI]
- Cattell RB, "Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence : a critical experiment", J Educ Psychol, 54, pp.1~22 (1963)
- Yildirim TT, "Psychological status of healthcare workers during the COVID-19pandemic", J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 30, pp.26~31 (2020)
- Zhong BL, "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19outbreak : a quick online cross-sectional survey", Int J Biol Sci, 16, pp.1745~1752 (2020)
- Koksal E, "Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels and related factors among operating theater workers during the novel coronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic", J Perianesth Nurs, 35, pp.472~477 (2020)
- Özdin S, "Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society : the importance of gender", Int J Soc Psychiatry, 66, pp.504~511 (2020)
- Şahin MK, "Prevalence of depression, anxiety, distress and insomnia and related factors in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey", J Community Health, 45, pp.1168~1177 (2020)
- Sher L, "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates", QJM, 113, pp.707~712 (2020)
- Conejero I, "Suicidal behavior in light of COVID-19 outbreak:clinical challenges and treatment perspectives", Encephale, 46(3S), pp.S66~S72 (2020)
- Zhou F, "Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19in Wuhan, China : a retrospective cohort study", Lancet, 395, pp.1054~1062 (2020)
- "COVID-19 and mental health"[URL]
- "Mobile psychological support to healthcare professionals" (2020)[URL]
- Rubin GJ, "Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak : cross sectional telephone survey", BMJ, 339, pp.b2651~ (2009)
