Transcriptomic Features of Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolex during the Encystation Process
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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus larvae. It seriously af- fects the development of animal husbandry and endangers human health. Due to a poor understanding of the cystic fluid formation pathway, there is currently a lack of innovative methods for the prevention and treatment of CE. In this study, the protoscoleces (PSCs) in the encystation process were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 32,401 transcripts and 14,903 cDNAs revealed numbers of new genes and transcripts, stage-specific genes, and differ- ently expressed genes. Genes encoding proteins involved in signaling pathways, such as putative G-protein coupled re- ceptor, tyrosine kinases, and serine/threonine protein kinase, were predominantly up-regulated during the encystation process. Antioxidant enzymes included cytochrome c oxidase, thioredoxin glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were a high expression level. Intriguingly, KEGG enrichment suggested that differentially up-regulated genes involved in the va- sopressin-regulated water reabsorption metabolic pathway may play important roles in the transport of proteins, carbo- hydrates, and other substances. These results provide valuable information on the mechanism of cystic fluid production during the encystation process, and provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of growth and de- velopment of PSCs.
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus larvae. It seriously af- fects the development of animal husbandry and endangers human health. Due to a poor understanding of the cystic fluid formation pathway, there is currently a lack of innovative methods for the prevention and treatment of CE. In this study, the protoscoleces (PSCs) in the encystation process were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 32,401 transcripts and 14,903 cDNAs revealed numbers of new genes and transcripts, stage-specific genes, and differ- ently expressed genes. Genes encoding proteins involved in signaling pathways, such as putative G-protein coupled re- ceptor, tyrosine kinases, and serine/threonine protein kinase, were predominantly up-regulated during the encystation process. Antioxidant enzymes included cytochrome c oxidase, thioredoxin glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were a high expression level. Intriguingly, KEGG enrichment suggested that differentially up-regulated genes involved in the va- sopressin-regulated water reabsorption metabolic pathway may play important roles in the transport of proteins, carbo- hydrates, and other substances. These results provide valuable information on the mechanism of cystic fluid production during the encystation process, and provide a basis for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of growth and de- velopment of PSCs.
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