Hydrocephalus and Neurocysticercosis: Cases Illustrative of Three Distinct Mechanisms
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Background Cysticercosis is the most frequent parasitic infection of the nervous system. Most lesions are intracranial, and spinal involvement is rare. We describe here in two cases ofneurocysticercosis (NCC) in the brain and one in the spinal cord that illustrate three distinctmechanisms leading to symptomatic acute hydrocephalus. Case Report Hydrocephalus was related to intracranial NCC in two of them. In the first casethe hydrocephalus was due to an extensive arachnoiditis to the craniocervical junction, while inthe second it was caused by obstruction of Magendie’s foramen in the fourth ventricle by thescolex of Taenia solium. For the third patient, hydrocephalus revealed cysticercosis of the cauda equina due to the scolex. Conclusions NCC should be considered as a possible diagnosis for patients suffering fromhydrocephalus when they originate from or have traveled in endemic areas, MRI of the spine ismandatory to search for intraspinal lesions.
Abstract
Background Cysticercosis is the most frequent parasitic infection of the nervous system. Most lesions are intracranial, and spinal involvement is rare. We describe here in two cases ofneurocysticercosis (NCC) in the brain and one in the spinal cord that illustrate three distinctmechanisms leading to symptomatic acute hydrocephalus. Case Report Hydrocephalus was related to intracranial NCC in two of them. In the first casethe hydrocephalus was due to an extensive arachnoiditis to the craniocervical junction, while inthe second it was caused by obstruction of Magendie’s foramen in the fourth ventricle by thescolex of Taenia solium. For the third patient, hydrocephalus revealed cysticercosis of the cauda equina due to the scolex. Conclusions NCC should be considered as a possible diagnosis for patients suffering fromhydrocephalus when they originate from or have traveled in endemic areas, MRI of the spine ismandatory to search for intraspinal lesions.
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