Immunogenicity of Third-dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine Following Two Doses of ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
2
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Following the original severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 strain (Wuhan-Hu-1) in December 2019, the Delta variant in May 2021 and the Omicron variant in December 2021 were classified as variants of concern. The pandemic has been ongoing for more than two years, and the three-dose vaccination rate has reached approximately 50% in Korea. We analyzed anti-S antibodies (Abs) and neutralizing Abs (NAbs) in 32 healthcare workers at a university hospital, focusing on the first to third doses of ChAdOx1-ChAdOx1-BNT162b2, which is the most common vaccination regimen in Korea. Antibodies were analyzed at eight time points according to the vaccine regimen. The first to third doses of ChAdOx1-ChAdOx1-BNT162b2 produced high Ab concentrations; NAb concentrations after the third dose were predicted to remain high for a longer period than those after the first and second doses. The effectiveness of a second dose of ChAdOx1 in the real world was demonstrated by analyzing samples collected during an outbreak that occurred in the study period, 4–5 months after the second dose. The relative risk ratio was 88.0%, and the efficacy of the second ChAdOx1 dose was 12.0% (P<0.05). Therefore, maintaining appropriate Ab concentrations through regular vaccination will help protect against coronavirus disease-19.
Abstract
Following the original severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 strain (Wuhan-Hu-1) in December 2019, the Delta variant in May 2021 and the Omicron variant in December 2021 were classified as variants of concern. The pandemic has been ongoing for more than two years, and the three-dose vaccination rate has reached approximately 50% in Korea. We analyzed anti-S antibodies (Abs) and neutralizing Abs (NAbs) in 32 healthcare workers at a university hospital, focusing on the first to third doses of ChAdOx1-ChAdOx1-BNT162b2, which is the most common vaccination regimen in Korea. Antibodies were analyzed at eight time points according to the vaccine regimen. The first to third doses of ChAdOx1-ChAdOx1-BNT162b2 produced high Ab concentrations; NAb concentrations after the third dose were predicted to remain high for a longer period than those after the first and second doses. The effectiveness of a second dose of ChAdOx1 in the real world was demonstrated by analyzing samples collected during an outbreak that occurred in the study period, 4–5 months after the second dose. The relative risk ratio was 88.0%, and the efficacy of the second ChAdOx1 dose was 12.0% (P<0.05). Therefore, maintaining appropriate Ab concentrations through regular vaccination will help protect against coronavirus disease-19.
참고문헌 (20)
- Ki Ho Hong, "Guidelines for Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea", Annals of Laboratory Medicine, 40(5), pp.351~360 (2020), 대한진단검사의학회[DOI]
- Yadegari I, "The herd-immunity threshold must be updated for multi-vaccine strategies and multiple variants", Sci Rep, 11, pp.22970~ (2021)
- Tré-Hardy M, "Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID vaccine after 6 months surveillance in health care workers; a third dose is necessary", J Infect, 83, pp.559~564 (2021)
- Mishra SK, "Waning of anti-spike antibodies in AZD1222(ChAdOx1)vaccinated healthcare providers : a prospective longitudinal study", Cureus, 13, pp.e19879~ (2021)
- Patalon T, "Odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 following receipt of 3 vs 2 doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine", JAMA Intern Med, 182, pp.179~184 (2022)
- Barda N, "Effectiveness of a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for preventing severe outcomes in Israel : an observational study", Lancet, 398, pp.2093~2100 (2021)
- Flaxman A, "Reactogenicity and immunogenicity after a late second dose or a third dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the UK : a substudy of two randomised controlled trials(COV001 and COV002)", Lancet, 398, pp.981~990 (2021)
- Munro APS, "Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial", Lancet, 398, pp.2258~2276 (2021)
- "Bureau of Infectious Disease Emergency Preparedness and Response. COVID-19 vaccination and domestic outbreak status (2.16)" (2022)[URL]
- Yun Sojeong, "Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses and Seroconversion in COVID-19 Patients Using Twelve Commercial Immunoassays", Annals of Laboratory Medicine, 41(6), pp.577~587 (2021), 대한진단검사의학회[DOI]
- Wang M, "Covariance estimators for generalized estimating equations(GEE)in longitudinal analysis with small samples", Stat Med, 35, pp.1706~1721 (2016)
- Olliaro P, "COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant(not)in the room", Lancet Microbe, 2, pp.E279~E280 (2021)
- Katikireddi SV, "Two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine protection against COVID-19 hospital admissions and deaths over time: a retrospective, population-based cohort study in Scotland and Brazil", Lancet, 399, pp.25~35 (2022)
- "Analysis of characteristics of omicron variation and preparedness of its diffusion (1.24)"[URL]
- Collie S, "Effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccine against omicron variant in South Africa", N Engl J Med, 386, pp.494~496 (2022)
- Lu L, "Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant by sera from BNT162b2 or Coronavac vaccine recipients", Clin Infect Dis, pp.ciab1041~ (2021)
- Choi SJ, "T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 proteins are substantially conserved in the omicron variant", Cell Mol Immunol, 19, pp.447~448 (2022)
- Tenbusch M, "Heterologous prime-boost vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2", Lancet Infect Dis, 21, pp.1212~1213 (2021)
- Liu X, "Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial", Lancet, 398, pp.856~869 (2021)
- "COVID-19 vaccine surveillance report–week 5" (2022)[URL]