Morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae from Chinese pipistrelle bats and viviparid snails in Thailand
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This study aimed to describe the morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae isolated inThailand. Adult flukes were isolated from the Chinese pipistrelle bat (Hypsugo sp.), andcercariae were detected in the viviparid snail (Filopaludina martensi martensi) from Chiang Mai province. The morphological characteristics were observed and described using conventional methods, and the molecular characteristics with internal transcribedspacer 2 (ITS2) and 28S rDNA gene sequences. The adult flukes were fusiform, 0.840.98 mm in length, and 0.37–0.49 mm in width, and were distinguishable from otherspecies by the presence of longitudinal uterine coils. The cercariae were nonvirgulate xiphidiocercariae, with the oral sucker bigger than the acetabulum, the tail without fin fold,a body size of 117.5–138.3×48.3–52.2 µm, and a tail size of 100.7–103.7×15.0–18.9µm. Molecular studies revealed that the adults and cercariae shared 99.3% (ITS2) and99.6% (28S rDNA) homology with each other. They were phylogenetically close to P. longiforme with an identity of 94.5% for ITS2 and 98.7% for 28S rDNA. This study provides new information on the natural definitive host and first intermediate host of P. longiforme in Thailand. The discovery of its cercarial stage in Filopaludina snails highlightsthe importance of monitoring the associated second intermediate host and preventionand control of this potentially zoonotic trematode.
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae isolated inThailand. Adult flukes were isolated from the Chinese pipistrelle bat (Hypsugo sp.), andcercariae were detected in the viviparid snail (Filopaludina martensi martensi) from Chiang Mai province. The morphological characteristics were observed and described using conventional methods, and the molecular characteristics with internal transcribedspacer 2 (ITS2) and 28S rDNA gene sequences. The adult flukes were fusiform, 0.840.98 mm in length, and 0.37–0.49 mm in width, and were distinguishable from otherspecies by the presence of longitudinal uterine coils. The cercariae were nonvirgulate xiphidiocercariae, with the oral sucker bigger than the acetabulum, the tail without fin fold,a body size of 117.5–138.3×48.3–52.2 µm, and a tail size of 100.7–103.7×15.0–18.9µm. Molecular studies revealed that the adults and cercariae shared 99.3% (ITS2) and99.6% (28S rDNA) homology with each other. They were phylogenetically close to P. longiforme with an identity of 94.5% for ITS2 and 98.7% for 28S rDNA. This study provides new information on the natural definitive host and first intermediate host of P. longiforme in Thailand. The discovery of its cercarial stage in Filopaludina snails highlightsthe importance of monitoring the associated second intermediate host and preventionand control of this potentially zoonotic trematode.
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