매립지 메탄 저감을 위한 바이오커버의 현장 적용 평가
Field Application of Biocovers in Landfills for Methane Mitigation
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초록
본 연구에서는 생활 폐기물 매립지 현장에 파일럿 규모의바이오커버(pilot-scale biocover, PBC) 2기를 설치하고, 240일동안 메탄 제거 효율을 모니터링하였다. 또한, 바이오커버 충전 소재를 채취하여 혈청병에서 잠재 메탄 산화능을 평가하였다. 바이오커버로 유입되는 메탄 농도는 23.7−47.9%(평균값 = 41.3%, 중간값 = 42.6%) 수준이었다. 토양, 지렁이 분변토 및 퇴비 혼합물(7:2:1, v/v)을 충전 소재로 구축한 PBC1 의 메탄 제거 효율은 60.7−85.5%이었다. 토양, 지렁이 분변토, perlite 및 퇴비 혼합물(4:2:3:1, v/v)을 충전 소재로 구축한 PBC2의 표메탄 제거 효율은 29.2−78.5%이었다. 그러나, 바이오커버의 충전 소재 자체의 메탄 잠재 산화 능력이 우수함에도 불구하고(평균메탄산화속도 = 180−199 μg CH4· g packing material-1· h-1), 충전 소재의 다짐현상과 채널링이발생하면 PBC1과 PBC2의 메탄 제거 효율은 0−30%로 저하되었다. 한편, 바이오커버의 메탄 제거 효율은 계절(외부 기온)에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구로부터도출된 결과는 향후 매립지 현장에 실규모의 메탄 저감용 바이오커버를 설계하고 운전 조건을 구축하는데 유용하게 활용 가능하다.
Abstract
Two pilot-scale biocovers (PBCs) were installed in a landfill, and the methane (CH4) concentrations at their inlets and outlets were monitored for 240 days to evaluate the methane removability. Consequently, the packing materials were sampled from the PBCs, and their potential CH4 oxidizing abilities were evaluated in serum vials. The CH4 concentration at the inlet of the biocovers was observed to be in the range of 23.7− 47.9% (average = 41.3%, median = 42.6%). In PBC1, where a mixture of soil, earthworm cast, and compost (7:2:1, v/v) was employed as the packing material, the CH4 removal efficiency was evaluated to be between 60.7−85.5%. In PBC2, which was filled with a mixture of soil, earthworm cast, perlite, and compost (4:2:3:1, v/v), the removal efficiency was evaluated to be between 29.2−78.5%. Although the packing materials had an excellent CH4 oxidizing potential (average oxidation rate for CH4 = 180−199 μg CH4·g packing material-1 ·h-1), CH4 removal efficiency in PBC1 and PBC2 decreased to the range of 0−30% once the packing materials in the PBCs were clogged and channeled. Furthermore, seasonal effects exhibited no significant differences in the CH4 removal efficiency of the biocovers. The results of this study can be used to design and operate real-scale biocovers in landfills to mitigate CH4 buildup.
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