Cryptic species diversity of the red algal genus Callophyllis (Kallymeniaceae, Gigartinales) from Korea
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초록
The genus Callophyllis is recorded as six separate species with imprecise species delimitation in Korea. To elucidatethe species boundaries of Korean Callophyllis, we performed morphological observations and molecular analyses, andincluded three Japanese Callophyllis species from the type locality. From the results of molecular analyses using plastidrbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P genes, we confirmed ten Callophyllis species, including five cryptic ones: C. adhaerens,C. adnata, C. crispata, and C. japonica from Korea and Japan; C. hayamensis as an unrecorded species from Korea; C. cartilaginea, C. mollitia, C. repens, C. serratifolia, and C. undulata as new species from Korea. There were no Koreanspecimens that matched C. adnata or C. crispata from Japan, except Korean C. japonica, which formed a genetic groupwith the Japanese species. We obtained the interspecific divergences among the five cryptic species as 0.6–4.5% in rbcLand 2.8–8.4% in COI-5P. We recognized that the species diversity of Callophyllis has been underestimated from the northwesternPacific region. The species boundary of Callophyllis from Korea and Japan will be a cornerstone to revealing thephylogenetic affinity of the genus distributed in both hemispheres of the western Pacific.
Abstract
The genus Callophyllis is recorded as six separate species with imprecise species delimitation in Korea. To elucidatethe species boundaries of Korean Callophyllis, we performed morphological observations and molecular analyses, andincluded three Japanese Callophyllis species from the type locality. From the results of molecular analyses using plastidrbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P genes, we confirmed ten Callophyllis species, including five cryptic ones: C. adhaerens,C. adnata, C. crispata, and C. japonica from Korea and Japan; C. hayamensis as an unrecorded species from Korea; C. cartilaginea, C. mollitia, C. repens, C. serratifolia, and C. undulata as new species from Korea. There were no Koreanspecimens that matched C. adnata or C. crispata from Japan, except Korean C. japonica, which formed a genetic groupwith the Japanese species. We obtained the interspecific divergences among the five cryptic species as 0.6–4.5% in rbcLand 2.8–8.4% in COI-5P. We recognized that the species diversity of Callophyllis has been underestimated from the northwesternPacific region. The species boundary of Callophyllis from Korea and Japan will be a cornerstone to revealing thephylogenetic affinity of the genus distributed in both hemispheres of the western Pacific.
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