팬데믹 이후 메타버스에 재현된 자율성에 관한 소고 -그레이엄 하먼의 객체지향존재론을 중심으로-

Abstract

Due to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies attempting a technical and typological analysis of the metaverse have been presented, but research results from an epistemological perspective that derives a more essential definition are insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the autonomy of art by examining the phenomena that appeared in the metaverse after the pandemic through Graham Harman’s object-oriented ontology. The research method is to attempt to analyze the relationship between the metaverse and users based on the theoretical framework of object-oriented ontology. In the text, the point where the flat ontology that speculative realism claims to break away from anthropocentrism and the non-hierarchical nature of the subject in the metaverse platform meet. His theory avoids its dualistic thinking and considers humans and non-humans as ‘Objects’, equal beings. And he presents a framework for understanding the world as a four-layered object made up of the relationship between Objects and Properties. According to his theory, the Metaverse is a ‘Real Object’ that cannot be reached by definition, and another ‘Real Object’, the user, is a Roblox By experiencing ‘Sensory Properties’ such as ‘pleasure and interest’ in ‘Sensory Objects’ such as, ZEPETO, and NFT, aesthetic experiences are achieved and autonomy is obtained as art. In other words, users connect to the network and use platform services and avatars, and the Sensory Properties experienced in the process act as clues to understand the Real Object called the Metaverse. In addition, it always exists on the network and proliferates as an ecosystem even without users. Just as NFT works exist autonomously without creator by the platform algorithm, the Sensory Objects in the Metaverse continue as beings that create aesthetic experiences. In the end, in Harman’s theory, the viewer gained aesthetic experience due to the tension caused by contacting the platform, which is the sensory object of the metaverse, as an active intervention, and thus tried to discuss the point where art autonomy was established.