Challenging the Hypothesis of de novo Biosynthesis of Bile Acids by Marine Bacteria
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Bile acids are essential molecules produced by vertebrates that are involved in several physiological roles, including the uptake of nutrients. Bacterial isolates capable of producing bile acids de novo have been identified and characterized. Such isolates may provide access to novel biochemical pathways suitable for the design of microbial cell factories. Here, we further characterized the ability of Maribacter dokdonensis, Dokdonia donghaensis, and Myroides pelagicus to produce bile acids. Contrary to previous reports, we did not observe de novo production of bile acids by these isolates. Instead, we found that these isolates deconjugated the amino acid moiety of bile acids present in the growth medium used in previous reports. Through genomic analysis, we identified putative bile salt hydrolases, which could be responsible for the different bile acid modifications observed. Our results challenge the hypothesis of de novo microbial bile acid production, while further demonstrating the diverse capacity of bacteria to modify bile acids.
Abstract
Bile acids are essential molecules produced by vertebrates that are involved in several physiological roles, including the uptake of nutrients. Bacterial isolates capable of producing bile acids de novo have been identified and characterized. Such isolates may provide access to novel biochemical pathways suitable for the design of microbial cell factories. Here, we further characterized the ability of Maribacter dokdonensis, Dokdonia donghaensis, and Myroides pelagicus to produce bile acids. Contrary to previous reports, we did not observe de novo production of bile acids by these isolates. Instead, we found that these isolates deconjugated the amino acid moiety of bile acids present in the growth medium used in previous reports. Through genomic analysis, we identified putative bile salt hydrolases, which could be responsible for the different bile acid modifications observed. Our results challenge the hypothesis of de novo microbial bile acid production, while further demonstrating the diverse capacity of bacteria to modify bile acids.
참고문헌 (24)
- Hofmann AF, "Bile salts of vertebrates : structural variation and possible evolutionary significance", J. Lipid Res, 51, pp.226~246 (2010)
- Hofmann AF, "Review bile acids : Chemistry, pathochemistry, biology, pathobiology, and therapeutics", Cell. Mol. Life Sci, 65, pp.2461~2483 (2008)
- Foley MH, "Bile salt hydrolases : Gatekeepers of bile acid metabolism and hostmicrobiome crosstalk in the gastrointestinal tract", PLoS Pathog, 15, pp.e1007581~ (2019)
- Jones BV, "Functional and comparative metagenomic analysis of bile salt hydrolase activity in the human gut microbiome", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, pp.13580~13585 (2008)
- Russell DW, "Bile acid biosynthesis", Biochemistry, 31, pp.4737~4749 (1992)
- Hofmann AF, "The continuing importance of bile acids in liver and intestinal disease", Arch. Intern. Med, 159, pp.2647~2658 (1999)
- Bowlus CL, "Obeticholic acid for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis in adult patients : clinical utility and patient selection", Hepat. Med, 8, pp.89~95 (2016)
- Kim DJ, "Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine", tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction, 2018, pp.8, 11874~
- Passed A, "Anionic trehalose tetraester from the marine bacterium Arthrobacter sp. EK 1", Naturforsch, 46c, pp.204~209 (1991)
- Maneerat S, "Bile acids are new products of a marine bacterium, Myroides sp. strain SM1", Appl. Microbiol. Cell Physiol, 67, pp.679~683 (2005)
- KIM, DOCKYU, "Biosynthesis of Bile Acids in a Variety of Marine Bacterial Taxa", Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 17(3), pp.403~407 (2007), 한국미생물·생명공학회
- Tremaroli V, "Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty induce long-term changes on the human gut microbiome contributing to fat mass regulation", Cell Metab, 22, pp.228~238 (2015)
- Tatusov RL, "The COG database : a tool for genome-scale analysis of protein functions and evolution", Nucleic Acids Res, 28, pp.33~36 (2000)
- Besemer J, "GeneMarkS: a selftraining method for prediction of gene starts in microbial genomes. Implications for finding sequence motifs in regulatory regions", Nucleic Acids Res, 29, pp.2607~2618 (2001)
- Madeira F, "The EMBL-EBI search and sequence analysis tools APIs in 2019", Nucleic Acids Res, 47, pp.W636~W641 (2019)
- Price MN, "FastTree : Computing large minimum-evolution trees with profiles instead of a distance matrix", Mol. Biol. Evol, 26, pp.1641~1650 (2009)
- Ohashi K, "Bioproduction of bile acids and the glycine conjugates by Penicillium fungus", J. Nat. Med, 62, pp.83~86 (2008)
- Park SC, "Antibacterial substance produced by Streptococcus faecium under anaerobic culture", Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem, 59, pp.1966~1967 (1995)
- Hill C, "Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics", Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 72, pp.1729~1738 (2006)
- Panigrahi P, "An improved method for specificity annotation shows a distinct evolutionary divergence among the microbial enzymes of the cholylglycine hydrolase family", Microbiology, 160, pp.1162~1174 (2014)
- Valle F, "The role of penicillin amidases in nature and in industry", Trends Biochem. Sci, 16, pp.36~40 (1991)
- Kim SH, "Aeromicrobium halocynthiae sp. nov., a taurocholic acid-producing bacterium isolated from the marine ascidian Halocynthia roretzi", Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol, 60, pp.2793~2798 (2010)
- Huayue Li, "Bile Acid Derivatives from a Sponge-Associated Bacterium Psychrobacter sp.", Archives of Pharmacal Research, 32(6), pp.857~862 (2009), 대한약학회
- Kim SH, "Hasllibacter halocynthiae gen. nov., sp. nov., a nutriacholic acid-producing bacterium isolated from the marine ascidian Halocynthia roretzi", Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol, 62, pp.624~631 (2012)