센서네트워크에서의 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위한 적응적 혼잡 제어
Adaptive Congestion Control for Effective Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks
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초록
무선 센서 네트워크에서의 혼잡은 데이터 손실 비율을 증가시키고, 전송 지연이 길어지는 문제점을 야기한다. 기존의 무선 센서 네트워크를 위한 혼잡 제어 방법들은 혼잡을 판단하고, 혼잡에 연관된 센서노드들을 선택하여 샘플링 주기를 조절함으로써 전송량을 줄이는 방법을 사용한다. 그러나 샘플링 주기 조절 기법은 시간적 데이터 손실에 민감한 응용에 사용하기 어려운 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 무선 센서 네트워크에서의 혼잡을 해결하는 새로운 혼잡 제어 기법인 ACT를 제안한다. 제안하는 ACT기법에서는 큐 감시를 통해 다중 큐 임계값을 사용하여 네트워크의 상태를 판단한다. ACT는 혼잡 발생시 패킷 전송 간격을 조절하는 적응적 흐름 제어 기법을 통해 네트워크의 효율성을 높이며 패킷 판단 기법을 통하여 노드간의 공평성을 보장한다. 또한 압축을 이용하여 센서노드 간 전송량을 조절하도록 하여 이용가능한 데이터양을 증가시킨다. 실험을 통하여 제안된 ACT기법이 기존 프로토콜에 비해 네트워크의 패킷 전송 효율성을 향상시키며 센서노드들에게 공평성있는 데이터 전송을 제공함을 보인다.
Abstract
The congestion in wireless sensor network increases the ratio of data loss and causes the delay of data. The existing congestion protocols for wireless sensor network reduces the amount of transmission by control the sampling frequency of the sensor nodes related to the congestion when the congestion has occurred and was detected. However, the control method of sampling frequency is not applicable on the situation which is sensitive to the temporal data loss. In the paper, we propose a new congestion control, ACT – Adaptive Congestion conTrol. The ACT monitors the network traffic with the queue usage and detects the congestion based on the multi level threshold of queue usage. Given network congestion, the ACT increases the efficiency of network by adaptive flow control method which adjusts the frequency of packet transmission and guarantees the fairness of packet transmission between nodes. Furthermore, ACT increases the quality of data by using the variable compression method. Through experiment, we show that ACT increases the network efficiency and guarantees the fairness to sensor nodes compared with existing method.
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