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제조기업의 전략지향성이 신제품 성과에 미치는 영향:시장진입순서의 조절효과를 중심으로

The Effect of Strategy Orientation and NPD Performance on Manufacturing Firm: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Order of Market Entry

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주제분류경영학

초록

연구목적: 본 연구는 제조기업의 전략지향성이 신제품 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 목적으로 진행하였다. 이를 위해 기업의 전략지향성의 구성개념을 고객지향성, 경쟁지향성, 기술지향성으로 구분하였다. 신제품 개발은 기업의 지속적인 생존을 위해서 매우 중요하지만, 본질적으로 위험을 동반하는 것으로써 효과적인 신제품 개발전략을 수행하는 것은 무척 어려운 과제이고 성공가능성이 낮다는 것이 문제점이다. 또한 신제품 성과 창출의 근원인 전략적 방향성에 대한 연구결과가 충분하지 않아서 국내 제조 기업들이 신제품 개발 전략수립 실무에 적용하지 못하는 것이 현실이다. 연구 설계 및 방법론: 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하고자 다음과 같은 연구 질문을 제기한다. 첫째, 국내 제조기업의 전략지향성은 신제품 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가? 둘째, 시장진입순서 차이로 인하여 제조기업의 전략지향성과 신제품 성과 간의 관계가 어떻게 달라지는지? 그 조절효과를 검증하고자 한다. 본 연구를 위하여 국내 식품 및 제약기업의 신제품 관련 조직구성원을 연구대상으로 선정하여 설문조사를 실시하고 연구결과를 도출하였다. 분석 및 연구 결과: 구조방정식모형을 이용한 실증분석 결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 국내 제조기업의 고객지향성, 경쟁지향성, 기술지향성은 신제품의 재무적 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 비재무적 신제품 성과는 고객지향성은 유의하지만, 경쟁지향성과 기술지향성은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 제조 기업이 신제품 개발과정에서 시장진입순서에 따라 전략지향성과 신제품의 재무적 성과 및 비재무적 성과는 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 시사점 및 연구의 한계점: 본 연구를 통하여 국내 제조기업의 고객지향성, 경쟁지향성, 기술지향성과 신제품 성과 간의 인과관계를 확인하였다. 특히 시장진입순서가 기업의 전략지향성과 신제품 성과 간의 어떠한 조절영향을 미치는지 확인하였다는데 의의가 있다. 반면에 측정표본 확보의 어려움으로 인하여 부득이 제한된 기업의 응답결과에 의존하였고, 특정 산업의 기업체만을 대상으로 분석하였기 때문에, 본 연구 결과를 전체산업에 일반화하여 적용하기에는 부족함이 있다. 향후 연구방향: 신제품 개발과정에 있어 추가해야할 전략적 방향성으로 기업이 환경을 보호하면서 지속적인 기업성장 목표를 추구하는 친환경 지향성 관련 변수인 환경보호, 고객만족과 신제품 성과 간에 미치는 인과관계를 파악하고자 한다. 공헌점: 신제품 개발전략 수립과정에서 전략지향성과 신제품 성과 간에는 시장진입순서에 따라 미치는 영향력이 달라질 수 있다는 점을 규명하였기 때문에, 국내 제조 기업들이 신제품 성과개선을 위한 차별화된 실행전략 수립에 실무적인 차원에서 활용가능성이 높다.

Abstract

Purpose: This study considers the strategy orientation of manufacturing companies to explore the impact on NDP performance. The strategy orientation is classified into three types in this study- customer orientation, Competitive orientation, and technology orientation. It is a very difficult task to perform an effective NPD strategy. Design/methodology/approach: In order to solve the problem mentioned, it is important to define the influence of strategy orientation on the NPD performance of domestic manufacturing enterprises. Furthermore, the effect of the order of market entry on the relationship between strategy orientation and NPD performance should also be studied. For this research, data were collected from 175 employees of 159 firms. Results/findings: By using the Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) method, this study demonstrated that customer orientation, Competitive orientation, and technology orientation directly affect financial NPD performance. But, Competitive orientation was no effect on non-financial NPD performance. Especially, this finding confirms that the order of market entry moderately affects the relationship between strategy orientation and NPD performance on the manufacturing firms. Research implications/limitations: Confirmed among strategy orientation, order of market entry, and new product performance in the course of product development, it contributed to the practical NPD strategy formulation for new product outcome improvement in the domestic manufacturing firms. On the other hand, due to the difficulty of securing a measured sample, the response depends on the results in the partial industry. Unfortunately, it is enough to limit the results of this study to generalize the entire industry. Future work/research: To identify its causal relationship between environmental protection and NPD performance, we will study the relationship with green orientation and NPD strategy for sustainable corporate growth. Originality/value: This study identified its causal relationship between order of market entry and NPD performance.

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